环境经济与环境管理
贺成龙,吴建华,刘文莉.成分法计算钢铁的生态足迹[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(12):2651-2657
成分法计算钢铁的生态足迹
- Calculating the ecological footprint of the iron & steel industry with a component approach
- 基金项目：水利部科技创新项目(No.SCX2003-08)
- 作者
- 单位
- 贺成龙
- 1. 河海大学水利水电工程学院, 南京 210098; 2. 嘉兴学院建筑工程学院, 嘉兴 314001
- 吴建华
- 河海大学水利水电工程学院, 南京 210098
- 刘文莉
- 嘉兴学院机电工程学院, 嘉兴 314001
- 摘要：运用生态足迹成分法,研究了钢铁工业排放废水、废气等的生态足迹占用,并对中国钢铁工业生态足迹及其构成进行实证研究.结果表明,中国钢铁工业总的生态足迹随总产量的增加而增加,由2000年的1.89×108hm2增加到2006年的5.09×108hm2,年均增长率为17.99%,但低于钢铁总产量的年均增长率(21.78%).单位钢铁产量的生态足迹呈下降趋势,由2000年的1.4685hm2·t-1下降到2006年的1.2150hm2·t-1.2005年,钢铁工业的生态足迹主要由吸收二氧化碳所需要的林地(27.28%)、铁矿石的生态足迹占用(27.14%)、氮氧化物排放的生态足迹占用(18.94%)和能源地占用(18.70%)组成,四者合计高达92.06%(2005年).近年来,中国钢铁工业在节能减排方面取得一定成效,但钢铁工业高能耗、高污染的特征仍十分明显,要减少钢铁工业的生态足迹,关键是要减少能源和铁矿石的消耗,减少废水和废气的排放.
- Abstract：The ecological footprint of the iron & steel industry in China was calculated by component analysis,particularly considering waste water and gas discharges.The main points of the results are as follows.① The total ecological footprint(EF) of China iron & steel industry is growing,from 1.89×108 hm2 in 2000 to 5.09×108 hm2 in 2006.② The 17.99% yearly average increase of EF is lower than 21.78% of the total output of iron & steel.The unit output ecological footprint of China's iron & steel industry decreases every year,from 1.4685 hm2·t-1 in 2000 to 1.2150 hm2·t-1 in 2006.③ Based on the 2005 data,the EF consists of four main aspects:the ecological footprints of CO2(27.28%),iron-ore(27.14%),NOx(18.94%)and energy consumption(18.70%).In summary,① the iron & steel industry of China achieved initial success in energy conservation and emission reduction because the industry is characterized by high energy consumption and high pollution.② The crux of reducing the ecological footprint of iron & steel industry lies in decreasing energy and iron ore consumption,and cutting the discharge of waste water and waste gas.
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