污染控制技术及原理
李红艳,张增强,李荣华,陈小翠,高锦明.微波辅助酸预处理玉米秸秆水解条件研究[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(12):2557-2566
微波辅助酸预处理玉米秸秆水解条件研究
- Hydrolysis of corn stalks by microwave-assisted acid pretreatment
- 基金项目：西北农林科技大学科研专项基金项目(No.07ZR049)
- 作者
- 单位
- 李红艳
- 西北农林科技大学 生命学院, 杨凌 712100
- 张增强
- 西北农林科技大学 理学院, 杨凌 712100
- 李荣华
- 西北农林科技大学 理学院, 杨凌 712100
- 陈小翠
- 西北农林科技大学 生命学院, 杨凌 712100
- 高锦明
- 西北农林科技大学 理学院, 杨凌 712100
- 摘要：玉米秸秆由叶子、皮和髓组成,这些组分含有不同的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,因而可以成为生产燃料乙醇的原料.采用微波辅助的酸水解来脱除与纤维素和木质素紧密结合的半纤维素,使得纤维素结构发生变化有利于后续酶解是值得探讨的.本研究通过将玉米秸秆叶子、皮和髓分离,分别对它们进行了微波(2450MHz,1000W)酸预处理,确定了玉米秸秆不同部分的最优水解条件,并对其进行了生产燃料乙醇的潜力对比,以选出最适合做燃料酒精原料的部分.同时,在实验中,选取硫酸浓度、温度、处理时间、料水质量体积比及搅拌速度5个因素分别进行单因素试验和正交试验.结果表明,5个因素对微波酸预处理玉米秸秆叶子的影响顺序依次为:硫酸浓度>温度>料水质量体积比>时间>搅拌速度,最佳条件是硫酸浓度5.0%,温度75℃,时间30min,料水质量体积比1:15,搅拌速度800r·min-1;对玉米秸秆髓的影响顺序依次为:硫酸浓度>搅拌速度>预处理时间>料水质量体积比>预处理温度,最佳条件是硫酸浓度4.0%,温度75℃,时间25min,料水质量体积比1:20,搅拌速度1000r·min-1;对玉米秸秆皮的影响顺序依次为:硫酸浓度>预处理时间>料水质量体积比>预处理温度>搅拌速度,最佳条件是硫酸浓度9.0%,温度72℃,时间30min,料水质量体积比1:17.1,搅拌速度2000r·min-1.通过实验可以进一步得出,玉米秸秆叶子和髓更适合用于生产燃料乙醇.该研究结果对玉米秸秆的燃料化利用有一定的指导意义.
- Abstract：The disposal and reclamation of corn stalks is important in agriculture,resource use and environmental protection.The corn stalk is composed of core、leaves and skin with different contents of cellulose、hemicellulose and lignin,so it can be used as a raw material for fuel ethanol production.In this study,we investigated the suitable parts of corn stalks as the raw material for the fuel ethanol production under microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis.Microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis could help to remove the hemicellulose that is in close connection with the lignin and cellulose,facilitating the subsequent hydrolysis of cellulose.Corn stalk leaves、skin and core were separated,ground,and treated with dilute sulfuric acid under microwave radiation(2450 MHz,1000 W) and the hydrolysis conditions were evaluated.The effect of sulfuric acid concentration,temperature,time,ratio of material to liquid and stirring speed were evaluated using both single factor and orthogonal experiments.The results showed that for corn stalk leaves,the influences of the treatments were in the order of sulfuric acid concentration > temperature > ratio of material to liquid > time > stirring speed,and the optimal conditions were 5.0%(w/w) sulfuric acid,75 ℃,30 min,1:15 ratio of material to liquid and 800 r·min-1.For corn stalk cores,the influences of the treatments were in the order of sulfuric acid concentration > stirring speed > time > ratio of material to liquid > temperature,and the optimal conditions were 4.0%(w/w) sulfuric acid,75 ℃,25 min,1:20 ratio of material to liquid and 1000 r·min-1.For corn stalk skin,the influences of the treatments were in the order of sulfuric acid concentration > time > ratio of material to liquid > temperature > stirring speed,and the optimal conditions were 9.0%(w/w) sulfuric acid,72 ℃,20 min,1:17.1 ratio of material to liquid and 2000 r·min-1.The corn stalk leaves and cores are more suitable for the production of fuel ethanol than corn stalk skins.Overall,the results have significant implication for the fuel utilization of corn stalks.
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