• 关键词：水平潜流人工湿地  示踪剂试验  水力停留时间分布  水力效率  布水方式

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金创新群体基金(No.50721006);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2006CB403402-3);国家水专项(No.2008ZX07207-006-04);上海市重点学科项目(No.B604)

• 宋新山
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 张涛
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 严登华
• 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所, 北京 100044

• 陈燕
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 袁瑞霞
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 摘要：通过对4种布水方式(一般水平流式、波流式、对角流式、多点进水式)下水平潜流人工湿地的脉冲示踪剂试验,获得了不同布水方式的水平潜流人工湿地的水力停留时间分布曲线,并计算出水平潜流人工湿地的表观停留时间、平均停留时间、峰值停留时间.同时,根据不同停留时间的对比关系计算不同布水方式的相对水力效率.最后,由停留时间分布函数的对数正态分布拟合模型和连续混合反应器模型分别估算上述停留时间和相对水力效率.结果表明,不同布水方式和不同计算方法得到的水力效率为波流式>一般水平流式>对角流式>多点进水式.

• Abstract：According to tracer tests,four kinds of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands with different inflow configurations (i.e. common horizontal flow,wave flow,diagonal flow,multiple point inflow) have different hydraulic residence time distribution density curves. Nominal retention time,mean retention time and peak retention time are calculated,and hydraulic efficiencies of constructed wetlands with different inflow configurations are calculated based on correlations among the retention times. The lognormal probability density distribution model and the completely stirred tank reactor model are applied to fit the hydraulic retention time distribution curve of the four kinds of subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Based on the different hydraulic retention time estimation from the model fits,the effective volume ratio,short-circuiting value and hydraulic efficiency are calculated. The hydraulic efficiencies of constructed wetlands with different inflow configurations are as follows,wave flow>common horizontal flow>diagonal flow>multiple point inflow. The above research results have reference value for designing constructed wetlands with high hydraulic efficiencies.

• Key words：horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands(HSSFCWs)  tracer tests  hydraulic residence time distribution(RTD)  hydraulic efficiency  inflow configuration

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