• 关键词：水污染  水分析  富营养化评价  普适指数  粒子群算法  参数优化

• 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(No2002CB412301);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No50779042)

• 李祚泳
• 成都信息工程学院, 成都 610041

• 汪嘉杨
• 成都信息工程学院, 成都 610041

• 郭淳
• 成都信息工程学院, 成都 610041

• 摘要：为了建立科学合理、简洁直观、普适通用、易于计算和使用方便的湖泊富营养化评价模型,在适当设定富营养化指标"参照值"基础上,定义了相对于"参照值"的指标"规范值"概念,提出了一个对多项指标的"规范值"均适用的富营养化评价对数型幂函数指数公式,并采用粒子群优化算法对公式中的参数进行优化,得到优化后对14项指标皆适用的富营养化评价普适指数公式.将该公式用于我国不同地区和不同类型的45个湖泊及邛海8个断面的富营养化评价,其结果与用修正卡森指数公式TSI_m、营养状态指数公式TSI_c和幂函数加和型普适指数公式等多种评价法的评价结果几乎完全一致,并与实况相符合,从而为水体富营养化评价提供了一个简单、实用的新公式.

• Abstract：Auniversal index formula in the form of a logarithmic power function is proposed in order to design a eutrophic evaluation model which is scientific and reasonable,simple and intuitive,universal and common,easy to calculate and convenient to use.This proposed formula was based on the 'normalized values'of multi-indexes from the'reference values'of indexes for eutrophic evaluation.The parameters in the formula were also optimized by particle swarm optimization(PSO).The results show that the optimized universal index formula is suitable to 14 indexe items for eutrophic evaluation.Furthermore,this formula was applied in practical eutrophic evaluations for different regions,such as 8 sections of Qionghai Lake and 45 lakes in China.The evaluation results are coincident with those obtained from other evaluation methods,such as the revised Carlson index formula(TSI_m),eutrophic state index formula(TSI_c) and the universal index formula of a power function of weighted sums(EI),and also correspond with the actual conditions.This formula is a simple,practical formula for the eutrophic evaluation of water bodies.

• Key words：water pollution  water analysis  eutrophic evaluation  universal index  particle swarm optimization  parameter optimization

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