• 关键词：重金属  青霉菌  镰刀菌  复合  吸附

• 基金项目：广东省基金自然科学基金团队(No06202438);国家自然科学基金(No30600011,50779080)

• 潘蓉
• 中山大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510275

• 曹理想
• 中山大学生命科学学院, 广州 510275

• 张仁铎
• 中山大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510275

• 摘要：研究了青霉菌和镰刀菌对重金属Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附特性,探讨了复合重金属和不同培养基对菌株吸附能力的影响.同时,采用察氏液体培养基(CDM)和马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(PDB)接种菌株,对不同种类和浓度的重金属进行吸附实验.结果表明,青霉菌和镰刀菌对Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺的吸附率随金属浓度的升高而下降,吸附量随金属浓度的增加先增大后减小;当浓度增加到较高值(300mg·L^-1)时,Pb²⁺的吸附率开始下降,吸附量先逐渐增加后变化不大.菌丝体对重金属的吸附能力表现出一定的差异性,对Pb²⁺的吸附率和吸附量明显高于其他3种金属,CDM培养青霉菌对300mg·L^-1Pb²⁺的最大吸附量达到34.80mg·g^-1.多种重金属的复合抑制了菌丝体对重金属离子的吸附.不同菌丝体对复合重金属的吸附量差异性较大,PDB培养混合菌体对重金属离子的吸附率和吸附量均较大,并有明显的促进作用.CDM培养菌丝体对Pb²⁺的吸附量均高于PDB培养菌丝体.

• Abstract：The aim of this paper was to study biosorption characteristics of Penicillium and Fusarium fungi to Cd²⁺,Cu²⁺,Zn²⁺,and Pb²⁺ and to explore the effects of multiple heavy metals and different growth media on the biosorption capacity of the fungi.Experiments were conducted in Czapek Dox medium(CDM) and Potato Dextrose Broth(PDB) medium with inoculation of the fungi with different concentrations of the various heavy metals.Results showed that adsorption rates of Cd²⁺,Cu²⁺,and Zn²⁺ by the fungi decreased with increasing metal concentration and amounts adsorbed by the fungi first increased,then decreased with the concentration.The adsorption rates of Pb²⁺ increased with the concentrations then began to decrease at a concentration of 300 mg·L^-1,and the amount of Pb²⁺ adsorbed increased with the concentration up to 100 mg·L^-1 then remained almost unchanged.The adsorption rates and amounts of Pb²⁺ adsorbed by the fungi were significantly higher than those of Cd²⁺,Cu²⁺,and Zn²⁺.The amount of Pb²⁺ adsorbed by Penicillium reached 34.80 mg·g^-1 at a concentration of 300 mg·L^-1 in CDM.Combinations of the heavy metals inhibited the biosorption of metallic ions by the fungi.The combined inoculation with Penicillium and Fusarium fungi greatly improved the biosorption of heavy metals compared with single fungi grown in PDB.With multiple heavy metals in the medium,the amounts of Pb²⁺ adsorbed by the fungi in CDMwere higher than those in PDB.

• Key words：heavy metal  Penicillium  Fusarium  combination  biosorption

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