特别选题
白晓辉,张晶,杨胜天,李顺江,李巍,李茜,盛浩然.酸沉降对森林生长固碳和土壤盐基保持功能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(1):44-51
酸沉降对森林生长固碳和土壤盐基保持功能的影响
- Impacts of acid deposition on carbon sequestration and soil base cation retention in forests
- 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2005CB422207);国家自然科学基金项目(No.40671123)
- 作者
- 单位
- 白晓辉
- 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875
- 张晶
- 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875
- 杨胜天
- 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875
- 李顺江
- 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所, 北京 100097
- 李巍
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875
- 李茜
- 中国环境监测总站, 北京 100012
- 盛浩然
- 科菱航睿空间信息技术有限公司, 北京 100022
- 摘要：在森林土壤酸化过程空间信息模型和森林植被生产力空间信息模型的基础上,耦合了森林水土保持、森林涵养水源、森林生长固碳、森林土壤盐基保持4个空间信息子模型,构建了森林生态效益空间信息模型.选取贵州省龙里地区作为试验点,运用遥感和地理信息系统技术获取模型参数,定量模拟了不同酸沉降条件下森林保土、保水、生长固碳、土壤盐基保持4种生态功能,并利用替代价值法对4种生态功能进行了货币化评定.本文主要介绍森林生长固碳、森林土壤盐基保持两个子模型及其生态效益评价.经研究森林生长固碳、土壤盐基保持效益远大于森林的林木价值,约为林木价值的10倍.森林不同生态功能受酸雨的破坏程度不同,若2007年酸雨pH值下降1.0,则在29km2的面积上森林生长固碳和土壤盐基保持生态效益损失达165万元,平均每km2面积上损失为5.7万元.
- Abstract：A Forest Ecological Evaluation Model including four modules,i.e. Forest Soil Retaining Module,Forest Water Retaining Module,Forest Carbon Sequestration Module and Forest Soil Base Cation Retaining Module,was developed in this study based on the Soil Acidification Model and the Forest Productivity Model. Data of precipitation,soil and vegetation collected at Longli,Guizhou Province were used to evaluate the ecological effects of acid deposition on forests,such as carbon sequestration and soil base cation retention. Some model parameters were derived from satellite images using remote sensing and geographic information system techniques. The ecological functions of the forests under acid deposition were assessed based on the value of substitutes. The results show that the sum of the ecological benefits of forest carbon sequestration and soil base cation retention is about 10 times more than the timber value itself;and if the pHof acid rain is reduced by 1.0,the economic loss of forest over the area of 29 km2 on forest carbon sequestration and soil base cation retention would be about 165×104 yuan RMB,which is equivalent to an average loss of 5.7×104 yuan RMB per square kilometer.
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