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污染控制技术及原理

基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(No.2006AA06A310);浙江省科技计划项目(No.2008C23082);国家科技支撑计划专题项目(No.2007BAE58B07);浙江省自然科学基金(No.R5090230)

摘要：分别采用以木屑/泥炭为填料的生物过滤塔(BF)和以聚氨酯小球为填料的生物滴滤塔(BTF)净化α-蒎烯废气,比较两者的挂膜时间及对α-蒎烯的降解性能.结果表明,采用气液相联合方法,过滤塔和滴滤塔分别在21d和27d内完成挂膜;扫描电镜观察表明,填料上生物膜菌群生长良好,优势菌为杆菌和球菌.在α-蒎烯进口浓度80～2200mg·m^-3、空床停留时间(EBRT)29～102s条件下,两者对α-蒎烯均有较好的去除效果,过滤塔与滴滤塔的最大去除负荷分别为50g·m^-3·h^-1和43g·m^-3·h^-1;滤塔中CO₂生成量与α-蒎烯降解量之间呈线性关系,通过线性拟合得出过滤塔与滴滤塔的α-蒎烯矿化率分别为74%与68%,滤塔中减少的α-蒎烯主要被微生物利用而去除.菌落数(CFU)分析表明,在挂膜阶段滤塔微生物数量增长明显,稳定运行阶段菌落数随着EBRT的延长而增加,在EBRT 102s条件下单位反应器空间内过滤塔和滴滤塔菌落数分别为5.52×10¹⁴cfu·m^-3和1.84×10¹⁴cfu·m^-3.

Abstract：Abiofilter(BF)packed with wood chip/peat and a biotrickling filter(BTF)packed with ether-based polyurethane foam were employed to remove α-pinene from waste gases.The start-up time and reactor performance were investigated for both reactors.The start-up procedures of the BFand the BTFwere finished by joint gas-liquid phase inoculation within 21 d and 27 d,respectively.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that bacterial communities grew well on the carriers,and bacilli and cocci may be the dominant bacteria.Under the conditions of inlet α-pinene concentrations of 80～2200 mg·m^-3 and empty bed residence time(EBRT)of 29～102 s,both BFand BTFcould effectively degrade α-pinene,and the maximum elimination capacities were 50 g·m^-3·h^-1and 43 g·m^-3·h^-1 respectively.The mass ratio of carbon dioxide produced to the α-pinene removed was approximately linear,and the mineralization rates of α-pinene in the BFand BTFobtained were 74% and 68%,respectively.The results indicated that the α-pinene was removed mainly via biodegradation.Colony forming unit(CFU)analysis showed that the biomass concentration in the BFand BTFincreased during the start-up stages of operation,and increased with EBRTduring the steady-state operation.When EBRTwas set at 102 s,biomass concentrations in the BFand BTFreached 5.52×10¹⁴cfu·m^-3 and 1.84×10¹⁴cfu·m^-3,respectively.