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快速检索			高级检索

污染控制技术及原理

基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.50878017);北京市科委与北京市环境保护局资助项目(No.D08050902920801);北京交通大学优秀博士生科技创新基金(No.141075522)

摘要：利用PEMS对北京市16辆轻型汽油车进行了排放测试,分析了机动车比功率VSP对CO₂的排放影响.在此基础上,同时考虑排放速率和排放分担率两种因素,按CO₂排放特性对VSP区间重新划分.新划分区间的排放率最小值为0.5587g·s^-1,最大值为3.4013g·s^-1,排放分担率最小值为4.61%,最大值为14.17%.此外,VSP=0的数据排放率为0.5587g·s^-1,低于周围区间,分担率为14.17%,与其它区间相当,因此,其被划入独立区间.接着,引入速度及发动机负荷ES两个参数,对VSP区间进行再划分,分别分为30个排放区间.最后,通过北京不同类型道路排放实例进行验证,发现针对快速路和非快速路而言,MOVES预测误差分别为11.43%,14.34%,IVE为12.23%,15.53%,新VSP划分方式为10.05%,12.57%,新VSP-速度组合区间的划分方式为9.10%,11.56%,新VSP-ES组合区间的划分方式为9.90%,12.23%,其中,新VSP-速度组合区间的划分方式误差最小.

Abstract：Emission data collected from sixteen light duty vehicles in Beijing using a Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) were used to analyze the impacts of Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) on CO₂ emissions. Then,the VSPbins were re-divided based on the emission characteristics of CO₂ with consideration of both emission rates and emission contributions. The minimum value of the emission rate in the new VSPbins was 0.5587 g·s^-1,and the maximum value was 3.4013 g·s^-1; while the minimum value of the emission contribution in the new VSPbins was 4.61%,and the maximum value was 14.17%. The emission rate when VSP=0 was 0.5587 g·s^-1,lower than those of neighboring bins,while the emission contribution was 14.17%,similar to those of other bins. Thus,VSP=0 was made an independent bin. Speed and Engine Stress (ES) were used separately to further divide the VSP-bins into 30 bins. Finally,the prediction of CO₂ using the proposed VSP bins was validated in a case study for different classes of roads in Beijing. For expressways and non-expressways,the errors generated were 11.43% and 14.34% by MOVES,12.23% and 15.53 by IVE,10.05% and 12.57% by the proposed VSP-Bins,9.10% and 11.56% by the proposed VSP-Speed-Bins,and 9.90% and 12.23% by the proposed VSP-Engine Stress-Bins. The combination of VSPand speed generated the least errors in analyzing the CO₂ emissions of on-road vehicles.