• 关键词：海河流域  水库  韦伯-费希纳定律  水环境  预警

• 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2006CB403403,2006CB403408)

• 张宝
• 1. 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875; 2. 中国环境监测总站, 北京 100012

• 刘静玲
• 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875

• 陈秋颖
• 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875

• 李永丽
• 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875

• 林超
• 水利部海河水利委员会, 天津 300170

• 曹寅白
• 中国环境监测总站, 北京 100012

• 摘要：水库作为水源地在流域水环境安全中具有重要作用.根据韦伯-费希纳定律(Weber-FechnerLaw,W-F),选取与水库水环境关系密切的水质评价指标,通过确定水环境综合影响指数K_i值与水环境状态之间的关系,建立基于人类感觉强度与外界水环境质量变化关系定量化的水环境预警模型.并以海河流域4座水库为实例进行应用与验证.结果表明:水库K_i值与水环境状态是线性函数关系,水库K_i值与营养指数间是指数函数关系.此模型可以用于流域内不同时空条件下水库水环境状态和富营养化的预警与水环境综合评价.官厅水库水环境综合影响指数K_i值为0.0494,水环境综合预警等级为轻警,主要的污染指标为COM_Mn、TN和TP.4座水库的K_i值变化范围在0.0107～0.0564之间,密云水库富营养化预警级别为轻警,官厅水库、潘家口水库和岳城水库均为中警;4座水库水环境预警等级空间上差异明显,从高到低顺序为潘家口水库、官厅水库、岳城水库、密云水库.潘家口水库水环境时间上恶化趋势明显,建议加强流域水库水环境的监控和采取更严格的管理措施.

• Abstract：With the rapid development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standards,the emissions of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are growing.Meanwhile,water environment is under the increasing pressure,which has become one of the main factors limiting economic development.Therefore,how to do well for warn the water environment forewarning will be the key issue in the future.Reservoirs are playing an important role in urban water supply,industrial water demand and agricultural irrigation in Haihe River Basin,and the study on water environment situation especially eutrophication is very important for the water environment management.Based on the Weber-Fechner Law of psychological theory,a forewarning model of water environmental was built through establishing the function relationship between the comprehensive effect index of water environment and the trophic index,and the feasibility of the model was assessed on four major reservoirs in Hai River Basin.Results show that the function relationship between K_i value and water environment index was linear,and the function relationship between K_i value and the trophic index was exponential.The forewarning model could be used in water quality forwarning and eutrophication forwarning in the time and spatial scale.Guanting Reservoir had the light warning grade with the K_i value as high as 0.0494,and the major pollution indicator was the permanganate index,total nitrogen and total phosphorus.K_i values of four reservoirs ranged from 0.0107 to 0.0564.Miyun Reservoir was in the light forewarning grade.Guanting Reservoir,Panjiakou Reservoir and Yuecheng Reservoir were in the medium forewarning grade.The deterioration tendency of Panjiakou Reservoir was clearly at temporal scale.The spatial differences of the four reservoirs were obvious on water environmental forewarning level,with the order varying from serious level to light level:Panjiakou Reservoir,Guanting Reservoir,Yuecheng Reservoir,Miyun Reservoir.

• Key words：Haihe River Basin  reservoir  Weber-Fechner Law  water environment  forewarning

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