• 关键词：氯霉素  斑马鱼  胚胎  仔鱼  毒性

• 基金项目：国家科技重大专项(No.2008ZX07421-002);教育部重点实验室自主研究课题(No.YRWEY1008)

• 刘曦薇
• 同济大学 化学系, 上海 200092

• 吴玲玲
• 同济大学 环境科学与工程学院 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 摘要：通过氯霉素对斑马鱼(Daniorerio)胚胎及仔鱼的毒性暴露实验,研究了氯霉素对斑马鱼早期发育的致死和亚致死毒性效应.结果表明,氯霉素对斑马鱼胚胎的自主运动、心跳和孵化能力均造成了明显的不利影响,并且胚胎和仔鱼在毒性暴露过程中均产生了明显的畸形特征.其中,低浓度的氯霉素对胚胎的自主运动产生抑制作用,而高浓度的氯霉素对其自主运动产生明显的刺激作用.高浓度的氯霉素抑制胚胎和仔鱼的心跳及孵化能力,且对胚胎和仔鱼造成致死效应,其96hLC₅₀值分别为56.6mg·mL^-1和116.8mg·mL^-1,而低浓度的氯霉素对胚胎和仔鱼产生致畸效应,胚胎和仔鱼表现出的主要畸形特征有心包水肿、卵黄囊肿胀、凝血、脊柱弯曲和鳔缺失.

• Abstract：The bio-toxicity of chloramphenicol(CAP)was studied by observing the lethal and sub-lethal effects on zebrafish(Danio rerio)embryos and larvae.The results showed that CAPcaused many obvious toxic effects on the spontaneous movements,heart beats and hatching of the embryos and caused many malformations to the embryos and larvae.The spontaneous movement of the embryos was inhibited at low concentrations of CAP(10～20 mg·L^-1),but such movement was activated and the heart beats and hatching were inhibited at the higher concentrations of CAP(40 and 80 mg·L^-1).The higher concentrations of CAPmainly caused lethal effects,and the 96h LC₅₀ of CAPwas 56.6 mg·L^-1 and 116.8 mg·L^-1 for embryos and larvae respectively,while the lower concentrations of CAPmainly caused teratogenic effects and the main malformation characteristics included pericardial edema(PE),yolk sac edema(YSE),hemoglutinations(HE),axial malformation(AM)and swim bladder defects(SBD).

• Key words：chloramphenicol  zebrafish  embryos  larvae  toxicity

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