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污染控制技术及原理

朱李华,陶俊,张仁健,曹军骥,张涛,林泽健,许振成.冬夏季广州城区碳气溶胶特征及其与O₃和气象条件的关联[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(10):1942-1949

Characteristics of the carbonaceous aerosol in PM_2.5 and its relation to O₃ and meteorological conditions in the urban Guangzhou area in winter and summer

摘要：2008年1月1日～31日和7月1日～31日在广州城区每天采集1个PM_2.5样品,对样品进行碳成分分析,得到有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)浓度.同步观测了气象因子以及SO₂、NO₂、O₃气态污染物浓度.结果发现,冬季和夏季PM_2.5日均值质量浓度分别为(81.2±61.4)μg·m^-3和(53.7±23.2)μg·m^-3,OC质量浓度分别为(24.6±19.3)μg·m^-3和(14.0±5.6)μg·m^-3,EC质量浓度分别为(7.9±5.4)μg·m^-3和(4.7±2.2)μg·m^-3,OC/EC比值分别为2.9±0.6和3.2±1.0.冬夏季非降雨的稳定天气条件下二次有机碳气溶胶(SOC)浓度分别为(6.1±6.6)μg·m^-3和(5.8±5.2)μg·m^-3.冬夏季SOC和O₃浓度显著相关(p<0.01).东南风和西南风条件下,OC、EC浓度普遍较高,表明东莞、江门和佛山地区的工业污染源对广州地区污染物累积和霾天气的形成有一定的贡献.

Abstract：Daily PM_2.5 samples were collected during January and July of 2008 in Guangzhou. The concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were determined by a Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer. Meteorological parameters and concentrations of trace gases (SO₂,NO₂,and O₃) were also collected simultaneously. The results show that in winter and summer,respectively,the daily average PM_2.5 mass concentrations were (81.2±61.4) μg·m^-3,and (53.7±23.2) μg·m^-3,OCmass concentrations were (24.6±19.3) μg·m^-3,and (14.0±5.6)μg·m^-3,ECmass concentrations were (7.9±5.4) μg·m^-3,and (4.7±2.2) μg·m^-3,and the OC / ECratios were 2.9±0.6 and 3.2±1.0. Secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentrations were (6.1±6.6) μg·m^-3,and (5.8±5.2) μg·m^-3 during days with clear and stable weather conditions in winter and summer,respectively. And SOChad a good correlation to O₃ in summer and winter. OCand ECconcentrations were generally higher under south-east and south-west wind conditions,which indicated the industrial pollution sources in the cities of Dongguan,Jiangmen and Foshan contribute greatly to high pollutant concentrations and the formation of haze in Guangzhou.