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区域环境与生态

葛瑞娟,宋长春,杨桂生,侯翠翠,李英臣.氮输入对三江湿地小叶章不同生长阶段土壤产生CH₄能力的影响[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(10):2070-2077

Effects of exogenous nitrogen on methane production from Deyeuxia angustifolia marsh in different plant growth phases

基金项目：国家自然科学重点基金项目(No.40930527,40771189);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2009CB421103);中国科学院重要方向性项目(No.KZCX2-YW-JC₃01)

摘要：在小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)不同生长阶段,用室内鲜土培养法对土壤CH₄的产生能力进行了研究.结果表明,氮输入后,植物各生长阶段的土壤CH₄产生率均随时间的推移发生了明显的波动.从生长季(6月7日～8月24日)CH₄产生率均值来看,不同氮输入水平对土壤CH₄产生起促进作用;不同氮输入水平对植物不同生长阶段CH₄产生率影响明显.第一(6月7日～7月2日)、第二(7月2日～7月20日)阶段适量的氮输入(6g·m^-2)对CH₄产生起促进作用,但过量氮输入(12g·m^-2)会对CH₄产生起抑制作用;而第三(7月20日～8月7日)、第四(8月7日～8月24日)阶段不同氮输入均对CH₄产生起促进作用;氮输入后,土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、土壤微生物量氮(MBN)、土壤基础呼吸(BR)、土壤代谢熵(qCO₂)、土壤诱导呼吸(SIR)、铵态氮(NH₄⁺-N)、硝态氮(NO₃^--N)和植物地上生物量与土壤CH₄产生的动态关系存在差异.土壤CH₄产生与qCO₂呈显著正相关(p<0.01),与土壤MBN、TOC和地上生物量呈显著正相关(p<0.05).

Abstract：CH₄ production by D. angustifolia.over time was studied using indoor fresh soil cultivation under flooded soil conditions. The results indicated that the CH₄ production rate showed significant volatility after nitrogen input at each growth phase. From the perspective of the mean CH₄ production rate of the growing season (June 7～August 24),nitrogen input promoted CH₄ production. The effect of different nitrogen input level on the CH₄ production rate was obvious at different growth stages. In the first and second stages,moderate (6 g·m^-2) nitrogen input promoted CH₄ production,but excessive (12 g·m^-2) nitrogen input suppressed CH₄ production. However,nitrogen input always promoted CH₄ production at the third and fourth stage. After nitrogen input,there were differences in dynamic relationships between soil microbial biomass Cand N (MBC,MBN),soil basic respiration (BR),soil metabolic quotient (qCO₂),soil induced respiration (SIR),ammonium nitrogen (NH+4-N),nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N),plant biomass and CH₄ production. Through correlative analysis,CH₄ production was highly significantly related to qCO₂ (p < 0.01),and significantly related to MBN,TOCand plant biomass (p<0.05).