• 关键词：N₂O  温室气体  短程硝化反硝化  同步硝化反硝化  厌氧氨氧化  反硝化除磷

• 基金项目：国家教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(No.NCET-08-0404);上海市科技人才计划(No.09QA1406100);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金(No.200756)

• 耿军军
• 同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 王亚宜
• 同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 张兆祥
• 同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 任中佳
• 同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 何维涛
• 同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 摘要：N₂O是一种强温室气体,而污水处理已被报道是导致N₂O产生的潜在人为源之一,且主要发生在生物脱氮的硝化和反硝化过程.本文立足于当前的污水脱氮热点工艺,如短程硝化反硝化、同步硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和反硝化除磷,介绍了这些新工艺的反应机理,描述了它们在非稳态运行过程N₂O的释放特征以及溶解氧(DissolvedOxygen,DO)、NO₂^-、自由氨(Free Ammonia,FA)、自由亚硝酸(Free Nitrous Acid,FNA)和进水COD/N等关键因子的影响作用,并进一步从微生物学和生物化学角度剖析了各工艺脱氮过程产生N₂O的可能原因.在全球积极应对气候变暖趋势的大背景下,探明污水脱氮工艺N₂O的释放本质,提出有效的减排控制方法,对于防止环境污染问题由水环境转移到大气环境具有重要意义.

• Abstract：Nitrous oxide(N₂O) is a serious greenhouse gas.Nitrification and denitrification in biological nitrogen removal processes are considered the major sources of N₂Oin wastewater treatment.The mechanisms of the newer biological nitrogen removal processes,such as short-cut nitrification and denitrification,simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX) and denitrifying phosphorus removal are illustrated in this work.Also,the N₂Oemissions under non-steady conditions for these nitrogen removal processes and the impacts of COD/N、DOand NO₂^-on the N₂Oproduction are introduced.The causes of N₂Oproduction during nitrogen removal are discussed from the point of view of microbiology and biochemistry.Since global warming is a serious problem,revealing the N₂Oemission mechanism and establishing efficient control strategies for these biological nitrogen removal processes are urgently needed to prevent the transfer of environmental pollution from the water environment to the atmosphere.

• Key words：Nitrous oxide(N₂O)  greenhouse gas  short-cut nitrification and denitrification  simultaneous nitrification and denitrification  ANAMMOX  denitrifying phosphorus removal

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