区域环境与生态
殷燕,张运林,时志强,冯龙庆,朱广伟.太湖化学耗氧量和生化需氧量的时空分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(12):2544-2552
太湖化学耗氧量和生化需氧量的时空分布特征
- Temporal-spatial variations of chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in Lake Taihu
- 基金项目：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2009ZX07101-013);国家自然科学基金项目(No.40971252,40825004,40730529);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(No.KZCX2-YW-QN312)
- 作者
- 单位
- 殷燕
- 1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站, 南京 210008; 2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
- 张运林
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站, 南京 210008
- 时志强
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站, 南京 210008
- 冯龙庆
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站, 南京 210008
- 朱广伟
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站, 南京 210008
- 摘要：基于2009年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)全太湖32个站点的化学耗氧量(COD)、生化需氧量(BOD)、溶解性总氮(DTN)、溶解性总磷(DTP)、浮游植物色素数据,分析了太湖COD、BOD的时空分布特征,并探讨了影响COD、BOD时空分布的因素.结果表明,2009年太湖COD值为3.40～6.16mg·L-1,平均值为(4.38±0.72)mg·L-1;BOD为0.64～5.93mg·L-1,平均值为(1.91±1.63)mg·L-1.COD值在秋冬季节较高,其值显著大于春夏季(p<0.001);而BOD值冬季较高,其它季节都较低.COD与BOD的空间分布格局相似,呈现出自竺山湾、太湖西北沿岸区向梅梁湾区、湖心区、东南湖湾区依次递减的趋势.分类统计结果显示,河口沿岸区COD、BOD值显著高于开敞水域区(p<0.001).相关性分析结果表明,COD、BOD与DTN、DTP、浮游植物色素的相关性存在季节性差异.夏季浮游植物色素浓度与COD、BOD相关系数最高,说明夏季浮游植物降解对水体内COD和BOD的贡献要高于其它季节.COD与BOD的时空分布特征主要受降雨量、河流输入、"引江济太"及太湖浮游植物活动等的影响.
- Abstract：The temporal-spatial distribution of chemical oxygen demand(COD),biochemical oxygen demand(BOD),and the relationships between COD,BODand phytoplankton pigment,dissolved total nitrogen(DTN) and dissolved total phosphorus(DTP) concentrations are presented based on the conventional monitoring data of COD,BOD,phytoplankton pigment,DTNand DTPfrom four seasons(winter:February;spring:May;summer:August;autumn:November) in 2009 including32 samplings in Lake Taihu.The results showed that the CODconcentration ranged from 3.40 to 6.16 mg·L-1 with a mean value of(4.38 ± 0.72) mg·L-1 and the BOD concentration ranged from 0.64 to 5.93 mg·L-1 with a mean value of(1.91 ± 1.63) mg·L-1.CODconcentrations in winter and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and summer(ANOVA,p< 0.001),while BODconcentration was higher in winter and lower in other seasons.Asignificant spatial difference was found in COD concentration and BODconcentration,decreasing from Zhushan Bay and the river inflows of northwest Lake Taihu to Meiliang Bay,and from the central lake to the southeast lake basin.Apparently,COD and BOD concentrations were higher in the mouths of inflowing rivers and in bays,compared with the concentration in open water in Lake Taihu(ANOVA,p< 0.001).Seasonal differences of relationships between COD,BOD and DTN,DTP,phytoplankton pigment are discussed.The highest correlation between COD,BOD and phytoplankton pigment concentration found in summer indicated a more important contribution of phytoplankton degradation to COD and BOD in summer than other seasons.The temporal-spatial distribution characterizations of COD and BOD were affected by the rainfall,the river inflows,the hydraulic project"Yangtze River-Taihu Lake Water Transfer Project"and the degradation of phytoplankton blooms in Lake Taihu.
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