• 关键词：霾  雾  等级分布  城市空气质量  沈阳

• 基金项目：2008年公益性行业(气象)科研专项(NoGYHY200806020);国家自然科学基金项目(No40975084);2009年辽宁省气象局科研课题

• 刘宁微
• 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016

• 马雁军
• 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016

• 刘晓梅
• 沈阳区域气候中心, 沈阳 110016

• 张云海
• 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016

• 张菁
• 沈阳市气象局, 沈阳 110168

• 王扬锋
• 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016

• 摘要：利用2009年6月1日—2010年5月31日沈阳大气成分站能见度和大气细粒子的小时观测数据,结合沈阳自动气象站相对湿度的小时观测数据以及天气现象资料,根据《霾的观测和预报等级》和雾的定义,从沈阳1年的资料中判识出霾与雾的出现时次,对沈阳霾与雾的时间变化特征进行初步探讨.结果表明:沈阳全年霾和雾的出现时次分别占总观测时次的53.9%和8.4%,霾的出现频率远高于雾;从时间分布来看,冬季霾出现得最为频繁;而在夏季,雾的出现频率达到1年中的峰值;霾和雾在秋季均出现得相对频繁,而在春季又都比较少见.可吸入颗粒物的季节变化特征与霾的季节分布相吻合,霾与大气污染和能见度密切相关且具有明确的空气质量指示意义;沈阳全年轻微、轻度、中度、重度霾出现时次占总霾时次的百分比分别为72.1%、18.2%、6.5%、3.2%,即霾以轻微、轻度等级为主,中、重度等级出现的比例较小,由此可见,沈阳全年的霾大部分属于对人体影响不大的等级,但在秋、冬季节市民应特别注意对霾的健康防护.

• Abstract：In order to study the temporal variation of haze and fog in Shenyang,haze and fog times were determined from the hourly visibility,particle concentration,relative humidity and weather patterns,observed for one whole year from 1 June 2009 to 31 May 2010.Based on the experimental criteria and definitions,the haze times account for 53.9% of the total observations;far higher than the fog proportion of 8.4%.Considering the temporal variation,haze occurs most frequently in winter and fog reaches a peak in summer.They both appear comparatively frequently in autumn,while rarely in spring.The seasonal variation of particles is the same as that of haze,which means that haze is closely associated with air pollution and visibility.Haze is definitely an indicator of the city air quality.Haze times from mild to severe grade account for 72.1%,18.2%,6.5% and 3.2% of the total observational times.The proportion of medium and severe grade haze times is rather low.It can be seen that human health has not been affected seriously in Shenyang,but everyone should take health precautions in autumn and winter.

• Key words：haze  fog  levels distribution  city air quality  Shenyang

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