• 关键词：长江口  油污湿地  植物修复  根际  微生态环境

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.40973073,41073072);上海市重点学科(No.S30109);上海大学创新基金及国家大学生创新性实验计划与上海市大学生创新活动计划项目资助

• 王珍珍
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 刘晓艳
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 张新颖
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 王君
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 田翔
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 蔡倩
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 赵月
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 陈艳
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 曹正楠
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444

• 摘要：溢油污染导致长江口湿地生态环境受到破坏,在进行油污湿地植物修复中,弄清湿地植物的根际微生态环境具有重要意义.通过测定藨草、香蒲、水蓼、芦苇、茭白、旱柳6种代表性土著植物根际土壤的微生物数量与活性、土壤酶活性和油类污染物含量等指标,研究发现实验植物根际与非根际土壤的微生物活性、土壤脱氢酶活性、多酚氧化酶活性、油类含量均存在显著性差异;实验植物根系土壤中微生物的数量高出非根际0～0.5个数量级,茭白根际土壤中微生物FDA活性比非根际高出11倍;植物促进了其根际土壤中脱氢酶与多酚氧化酶活性的提高.证明实验植物有利于改善其根际土壤的微生物活性及提高植物修复能力,有利于促进湿地沉积物中的油类污染物的矿化、降解与分布.研究初步阐明了长江口油污湿地的植物根际微生态环境特征,揭示植物修复的生物学机制.

• Abstract：The ecological environment of the Yangtze estuary wetland is being damaged more and more seriously due to oil spills.During the process of phytoremediation in the oil-contaminated wetland,it is very important to understand the micro-environment of the wetland plants' rhizosphere.The number and activity of microorganisms were determined for the rhizosphere of six native plant species,including Scirpus tripueter,Typha orientalis,Polygonum hydropiper,Phragmites australis,Zizania latifolia and Salix matsudana.The activity of soil enzymes and oil content in the rhizosphere of the six native plants were also determined.Experimental results indicated that there were significant differences between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils in the characteristics of microorganism activity,dehydrogenase activity,polyphenoloxidase activity and oil content.The number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere was 0～0.5 orders of magnitude greater than that in the non-rhizosphere soil.The FDAactivity in the rhizosphere of wildrice stem(Zizania latifolia) was 11 times higher than that of the non-rhizosphere soil.It could be concluded that the plant roots promoted the activity of dehydrogenase and polyphenoloxidase.All of the above results confirmed that the experimental plants improved the ability of phytoremediation,enhanced the mineralization and the degradation,and moreover,changed the distribution of oil pollutants in wetland sediment.Those should be attributed to the increasing microorganism activity in the soil.The rhizosphere micro-environment characteristics in oil-contaminated wetland of Yangtze estuary and the mechanism of phytoremediation are preliminarily disclosed.

• Key words：Yangtze estuary  oil-contaminated wetland  phytoremediation  rhizosphere  micro-environment

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