研究报告
郭萧,叶许春,俞士敏,李文朝.贾鲁河梯级河滩湿地冬季植被构建及净化效果研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(7):1464-1469
贾鲁河梯级河滩湿地冬季植被构建及净化效果研究
- Winter vegetation composition and the purification effect of a cascaded wetland along the Jialu River
- 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目 (No.2006AA06Z325)
- 作者
- 单位
- 郭萧
- 上海勘测设计研究院, 上海 200434
- 叶许春
- 西南大学 地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
- 俞士敏
- 上海勘测设计研究院, 上海 200434
- 李文朝
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
- 摘要：在地处黄河之滨的河南郑州建设运行梯级河滩湿地净化贾鲁河水,技术示范工程在2009年夏、秋季节取得了良好的水质净化效果,为了验证冬季沉水植物对水质净化的效果,用菹草、伊乐藻、西伯利亚鸢尾等耐低温植物组建冬季湿地植被,研究了冬季植被的发育情况和水质净化效果.结果表明,菹草和伊乐藻这两种沉水植物能够在冬季湿地中成活并发育形成覆盖度最高达50%的植被,西伯利亚鸢尾全部成活并能发出新叶.在水力负荷为140 mm · d-1的连续运行状态下,湿地对河水中TN、TP、NH4+-N和CODCr的平均去除率分别为32%、67%、55%和29%,并且随着冬季植被的逐渐发育净化效果得到加强.冬季城市排水中的余热可以为在接纳河流中开展河滩梯级湿地水质净化提供有利条件,适当增加水深并利用菹草、伊乐藻等耐寒植物组建沉水植被是可行的.
- Abstract：A cascaded surface-flow constructed wetland with a total area of 7400 m2, was constructed along the Jialu River floodplain in Zhengzhou city of Henan province. The substrate was high viscosity silt loam. The purification effect of the cascaded wetland was excellent in summer and autumn of 2009, then winter vegetation was composed with Potamogeton crispus, Elodea canadensis and Iris sibirica and the vegetation development and purification effect were observed continuously. Potamogeton crispus and Elodea canadensis survived and vegetation coverage stood at 50%. Iris sibirica all survived and issued new leaves. Our results indicated that the average removal rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, ammonia and CODCr were 32%, 67%, 55% and 29% respectively with hydraulic loading of 140 mm · d-1. The purification effect was strengthened with the gradual development of the vegetation. This study demonstrated that a wetland with reasonable winter aquatic plants and species composition can ultimately improve the purification effectiveness of wetlands in north China. Heat in urban drainage can provide favorable conditions for growth of winter vegetation in a cascaded wetland, so it is feasible to increase appropriate water depth to build submerged vegetation with Potamogeton crispus and Elodea canadensis.
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