• 关键词：江苏沿海  化学工业  空间格局  环境响应  战略管理对策

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No40976021,40901081);南京大学研究生创新基金(No2008CL09);江苏省太湖治理科研课题(NoTH2010301)

• 尹荣尧
• 1. 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210093; 2. 江苏省人民政府办公厅, 南京 210024

• 孙翔
• 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210093

• 许文雯
• 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210093

• 朱晓东
• 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210093

• 摘要：江苏省的化工产业污染正呈现向沿海地区快速转移的趋势.为此,本研究首先利用Landsat TM遥感数据快速识别江苏沿海化工园区,并与GIS结合分析其空间分布格局;接着分析各化工园区与饮用水源地、重要生态敏感区距离及所处区域人口密度,计算各化工园区对周边生态系统的污染胁迫度;然后根据空间分布格局及污染胁迫度计算结果确定8个环境质量变化重点监测区域,并通过收集相关环境质量报告书、回顾性环境影响评价报告书、江苏海洋环境质量公报中的监测数据分析化工污染胁迫较大的8个区域的环境质量变化情况;最后据此提出优化化工产业布局、指导化工产业有序发展、规避化工污染风险的战略管理对策.结果表明:江苏沿海地区的连云港、盐城、南通三市通过合法审批的省级及省级以上现状涉及化工的工业园区共计18个,未通过合法审批的化工园区共计22个;化工园区分布较为密集的区域为灌河沿岸及南通长江段沿岸;连云港的大浦化工区、盐城的龙岗化工区等对环境的污染胁迫较大;临洪河口、灌河口、中山河口等区域海洋环境质量环境有恶化趋势,并发现化工特征污染物在沉积物中有所累积.最后,根据上述研究结果提出以下对策:①分散、未入园的企业需实施提高性搬迁以进入连云港市合法审批的化工园区(如江苏连云港高新技术产业园区等);②给出未经审批的现状涉及化工且需要重点整治的工业园名单;③对区域有显著环境影响的工业园区(如东县洋口化学工业园等)需要进行重点监控或区域限批.

• Abstract：Transfer of pollution from chemical industry from other developed areas into coastal areas of Jiangsu province is rapidly increasing.In this study,the location and spatial distribution of chemical industrial parks were firstly identified by application of remote sensing with Landsat TM data and expert classification.Then,the distance from chemical industrial parks to the nearest water sources and eco-sensitive areas,and the regional population density around the chemical industrial parks were analyzed with the Arcgis software platform.According to the aforementioned three aspects,the results of spatial analysis were used to provide an integrated index which could quantify the degree of pollution stress induced by chemical industrial parks.Based upon the spatial distribution of the chemical industrial parks and the integrated index,8 key areas were identified where monitoring of the changes of environmental quality is needed.By analyzing many reports about environmental impact assessment and marine environment bulletins,the changes in environmental quality of each of the 8 key areas were comparatively analyzed from historical data.Here,we propose some macro management strategies to guide the sustainable development of chemical industry and avoid environmental risk.The results showed that there were 40 chemical industrial parks located in Jiangsu coastal areas,18 of which had legal approval and 22 of which did not.In general,there were two intensive areas in the chemical industrial parks.One was near the Guanhe River Estuary,while another was along the Yangtze River.Dapu Chemical Industry Park of Lianyungang,Longgang Chemical Industry Park of Yancheng,and others were ranked high in putting pollution stress on the health of regional ecosystems.In addition,the seawater quality has deteriorated in many areas such as the Linhong River Estuary,Guanhe River Estuary and the Zhongshan River Estuary.Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) have been detected in some of these estuary areas.We propose policy recommendations as follows:①Scattered plants and plants listed to be relocated should be relocated into the chemical industrial park.②Alist of primary chemical-related industrial parks of high environmental concern is needed.③For the extreme polluters,like Yangkou Chemical Industrial Park in Rudong County,more supervision and limited approval for construction of regional industrial projects should be implemented.

• Key words：Jiangsu coastal area  chemical industry  spatial pattern  environmental response  macro-management strategy

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