• 关键词：三峡入库河流  澎溪河  消落带  岸边土壤  磷形态  分布特征

• 基金项目：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2009ZX07528-002);科技部国际合作项目(No.2007DFA90510)

• 张雷
• 中国环境科学研究院,河流与海岸带环境研究室, 北京 100012

• 秦延文
• 中国环境科学研究院,河流与海岸带环境研究室, 北京 100012

• 贾静
• 中国环境科学研究院,河流与海岸带环境研究室, 北京 100012

• 王鸣宇
• 中国环境科学研究院,河流与海岸带环境研究室, 北京 100012

• 摘要：应用沉积物中磷形态的分级提取法对三峡入库河流澎溪河回水区消落带和岸边土壤不同形态P进行分级测定,分析了各形态磷之间以及各形态磷与样品理化性质.结果表明,消落带土壤总磷含量在283.3~3281.6 mg · kg^-1之间,平均为780.6 mg · kg^-1,岸边土壤中总磷含量在395.0~1751.5 mg · kg^-1之间,平均含量为771.9 mg · kg^-1,消落带土壤中较高的总磷含量显示了人类活动对消落带土壤P含量的影响.各种形态P在河流消落带与岸边消落带土壤中分布特点不同: 1 河流消落带中无机磷(IP)含量(除去S6点)平均值381.2 mg · kg^-1,略低于岸边土壤(除去S6点)平均值482.9 mg · kg^-1;2 河流消落带土壤中IP以碎屑态磷(De-P)为主(平均比例为32.9%), 吸附态磷(Ad-P)、铁结合态磷(Fe-P)、 钙结合态磷(Ca-P)占IP比例分别为为2.6%、12.4%、16.7%;岸边土壤Ca-P占IP平均比例为25.6%,而Ad-P、Fe-P、Ca-P占IP比例分别为为5.2%、8.8%、31.6%;3 河流消落带土壤中活性磷组分(OP+Fe-P)平均含量为374.8mg · kg^-1,在TP中所占比例平均值为48.0%,而岸边土壤活性磷组分(OP+Fe/Al-P)平均含量为288.7 mg · kg^-1,在TP中所占比例平均达到37.4%.消落带土壤中活性磷组分在适宜的环境条件下会成为水体的二次污染源,因此消落带土壤P对水体富营养化的潜在影响不容忽视.

• Abstract：The contents of different phosphorus forms in surface sediments and the soils of water-level-fluctuating zone of the backwater reach of Pengxi river, a tributary river of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China, were studied, using the standard measurement and test (SMT) procedure of phosphorus forms in freshwater sediments. Correlation coefficients between phosphorus forms and sample geochemical characteristics were analyzed. The results indicated that the total phosphorus(TP) content in the soils of water-level-fluctuating zone varied from283.3 to 3281.6 mg/kg, the average content was 780.6 mg/kg, and the content in surface sediments varied from 395.0 to 1751.5mg/kg, the average content was 771.9 mg/kg. The average content of TP in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone whole exceeded the surface sediment, indicating of the influence of human’s activity on phosphorus contents in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone. Distribution characteristics of phosphorus forms were different between the sediment and soils of water-level-fluctuating zone： ① The average content of IP in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone was 381.2mg/kg , which was lower than the IP content of the surface sediments(average value 482.9mg/kg). ② The domination phosphorus forms of IP in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone was De-P (average ratio 32.9%), and the ratio of Ad-P, Fe-P, Ca-P in IP were 2.6%,12.4% and 16.7% respectively. The average ratio of Ca-P / IP in surface sediments was 25.6%, whereas the ratio of Ad-P、Fe-P、 Ca-P in IP were 5.2%、8.8%、31.6% repectively; ③ The average content of active phosphorus (OP+Fe/Al-P) in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone was 374.8mg/kg, the average ratio of active phosphorus in TP was 48.0%, whereas the average content of active phosphorus (OP+Fe/Al-P) in surface sediment was 288.7 mg/kg, the average ratio was 37.4%. The active phosphorus in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone would become potential pollution sources of water under correct environmental conditions，therefore, the potential impact of phosphorus on water eutrophication in soils of water-level-fluctuating zone couldn’t be neglected.

• Key words：input rivers of Three Gorges Reservoir  Pengxi River  the backwater reach  soil  water-level-fluctuating zone  phosphorus forms  distribution character

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