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研究报告

Effects of heavy metal Zn on microbial community during pig manure composting

基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.40771109,40871119);科技部星火计划(No.2008GA850013,2008GA850007);农业部"948"项目(No.2010-Z20)

摘要：利用Biolog微平板技术,对不同浓度重金属Zn影响下堆料微生物群落多样性进行了研究.结果表明,较低浓度Zn处理(Zn含量分别为0 mg·kg^-1,300 mg·kg^-1,600 mg·kg^-1,900 mg·kg^-1)的堆料升温快,在高温期持续时间长,并达到无害化处理,堆料微生物中起分异作用的碳源主要为多聚物类和糖类.重金属Zn含量为600 mg·kg^-1,900 mg·kg^-1的处理堆料微生物活性高,有利于增加群落的丰富度和功能多样性,相关性分析表明,两者差异不显著,而 Zn含量为600 mg·kg^-1,900 mg·kg^-1的处理均与Zn含量为300 mg·kg^-1,1200 mg·kg^-1的处理差异显著,而Zn含量为600 mg·kg^-1,900 mg·kg^-1的处理间差异不显著,推断出有利于猪粪堆腐的重金属浓度临界值可能在600 mg·kg^-1和900 mg·kg^-1之间.

Abstract：In this study, the effects of heavy metal (Zn) on the diversity of microbial community in composting materials were explored using Biolog method. The results showed that for composting materials treated by low concentration of Zn (0 mg·kg^-1, 300 mg·kg^-1, 600 mg·kg^-1, 900 mg·kg^-1), temperature raised quickly, megathermal period was relatively long, and harmless treatment was achieved. Carbon sources were carbohydrate and polymers during the differentiation process. Microbial activities of 600 mg·kg^-1 and 900 mg·kg^-1 concentration treatments were higher, conducive to communities richness and functional diversity. Correlation analysis showed that the difference was insignificant between the treatments. However, the differences between the concentration treatments of 600 mg·kg^-1 and 900 mg·kg^-1 and the concentration treatments of 300 mg·kg^-1 and 1200 mg·kg^-1 are all significant. It is therefore inferred that the critical value of heavy metals Zn favorable for pig manure composting was between 600 mg·kg^-1 and 900 mg·kg^-1.