• 关键词：人工湿地  微生物活性和数量  BIOLOG  代谢功能多样性  Simpson指数  净化能力

• 基金项目：教育部科学研究重大项目(No.308016);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2009ZX07010-008,2009ZX07010-009)

• 赵艳
• 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛 266100

• 李锋民
• 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛 266100

• 王昊云
• 天津出入境检验检疫局化矿金属材料技术中心,天津 300457

• 李扬
• 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛 266100

• 张明全
• 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛 266100

• 王震宇
• 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛 266100

• 摘要：好氧/厌氧多级串联潜流人工湿地对COD和NH₄⁺-N具有较高的去除率.为了探究该类型湿地高效去除污染物的具体机制,采用荧光素双醋酸酯(FDA)法、4,6-联脒—2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)法和BIOLOG法测定了人工湿地基质中微生物的活性、数量和代谢功能多样性,并分析其与水质净化能力之间的相关性.结果表明,沿水流方向,OAO(好氧-厌氧-好氧)曝气组的微生物活性和数量先降低后升高;OAO曝气多点进水组的微生物活性和数量沿水流方向降低;OBAAO(好氧-缓冲-厌氧-缺氧-好氧)曝气组的微生物活性和数量随水流方向一直降低,且处于较低水平;OBAAO曝气多点进水组的微生物活性先降低后升高,微生物数量先逐渐降低最后升高.人工湿地厌氧段微生物的96 h平均光密度值(AWCD)与各自的出水总氮去除率之间呈显著相关关系(p<0.01).不同结构人工湿地中的微生物数量与COD去除量、总氮去除率及总氮含量之间呈显著相关关系(p<0.01);Simpson指数、Shannon指数与总氮含量之间呈显著相关关系(p<0.01);Simpson指数与COD量之间呈显著相关关系(p<0.05).研究结果为揭示溶解氧条件对人工湿地基质中微生物多样性及其与污染物去除能力之间的关系提供了基础数据,并为优化潜流人工湿地运行提供了依据.

• Abstract：Aerobic/ anaerobic subsurface flow constructed wetland had high purification efficiency for COD and NH₄⁺-N. In order to investigate the mechanism of better efficiency of this type of wetland, FDA, DAPI and BIOLOG methods were used to measure the activity, quantity and function diversity of the microorganisms, and to analyze their relevance with capacity of water purification. The results indicated that, along with the water flow, the activity and quantity of microorganisms first decreased and then increased in the group of OAO aeration, while decreased all the way in the group of OAO multiple spot influent and OBAAO aeration. The activity first decreased and then increased, and the quantity gradually decreased and increased at end in the group of OBAAO multiple spot influent. The relationship between the value of 96 h AWCD and their respective outflow total nitrogen removal rate was extremely significant (p<0.01). The quantity of microorganisms was related to COD removal amount, total nitrogen removal rate and total nitrogen significant (p<0.01), and the Simpson and Shannon indices were also extremely significantly related to total nitrogen (p<0.01). The Simpson indices and COD amounts had significant correlation (p<0.05). The results provided basic data for revealing the effect of dissolved oxygen condition on the relationship between microbial diversity and pollutant removal rate, and provided evidence for optimizing the running of the subsurface constructed wetland.

• Key words：constructed wetland  microbial activity and quantity  BIOLOG  function diversity  the index of Simpson  purification capacity

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