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研究论文

The DNA damage and joint effects of two typical veterinary drugs on the earthworm Eisenia foetida

摘要：采用土壤中的指示生物赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)作为受试生物,研究了两种兽药添加剂四环素和金霉素对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性.结果表明:滤纸接触法染毒48 h后,这两种兽药添加剂在所设最大受试剂量内没有引起蚯蚓死亡,半致死浓度LC₅₀ > 3.98×10^-2 mg·cm^-2.应用彗星试验检测蚯蚓体腔细胞的DNA损伤,试验结果显示:四环素和金霉素在染毒溶液为0.3 mg·L^-1时即能引起蚯蚓体腔细胞DNA损伤.随着污染物浓度增加,损伤不断加剧,两者呈现一定的剂量-效应关系,不仅各剂量组与空白对照相比都有显著的差异(p<0.01),而且相同剂量的金霉素引起的蚯蚓DNA损伤比四环素大.在最大受试剂量300 mg·L^-1时两者联合毒性出现了一定的拮抗作用.

Abstract：As widespread-used veterinary drugs, tetracycline (TC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) play an important role in the development of stock raising and aquacultures. Meanwhile it is a growing concern about toxicological effects on the environment due to their excessive use. In the present study, a model organism in soil, Eisenia foelide, was subjected to TC and CTC. The acute toxicity test exposed to the two antibiotics and DNA damage in earthworm coelomocytes assayed by the single-cell gel electrophoresis were investigated. The results showed that after a 48-h exposure by the method of filter paper contact, there was no mortality of earthworm within the maximum tested dose, LC₅₀> 3.98×10^-2 mg·cm^-2. Significant DNA damage in earthworm coelomocytes was observed when TC and CTC were at the concentration of 0.3 mg·L^-1. The DNA damage showed a positive response as the concentration increased, and all values for OTM in treatment groups were statistically significant versus the control (p<0.01). In comparison, larger damage was induced by CTC. And there was a certain antagonism of joint toxicity observed at the maximum dose of 300 mg·L^-1.