• 关键词：广州亚运会  灰霾天气  减排措施  细粒子污染  光化学烟雾

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No. U0733004);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目 (No. 2011CB403403);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目 (No.2006AA06A306,2006AA06A308)

• 吴兑
• 1. 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州 510080;
  2. 中山大学环境科学与工程学院大气科学系,广州 510275

• 廖碧婷
• 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州 510080

• 吴晟
• 香港科技大学环境学部,香港九龙,清水湾

• 陈慧忠
• 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州 510080

• 李菲
• 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州 510080

• 李海燕
• 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州 510080

• 艾卉
• 广东省气候中心,广州 510080

• 摘要：使用广州地区气象资料,重点研究了2010年广州亚运会期间的灰霾天气特征.结果发现,2010年11月广州出现灰霾天气5 d,较近年平均水平明显偏少,但2008—2010年的污染气象条件分析表明,2010年的扩散条件较2008和2009年均较差,说明2010年广州亚运会前期的各项减排措施取得了明显成效.作为对照,自20世纪80年代初开始,广州地区的能见度急剧恶化并导致灰霾天数增加,每年10月至次年4月的旱季灰霾天数较多,改革开放以来,每年11月份的灰霾天气大幅增加,并于1994和1999年分别出现了最多的17 d. 2000年以后,11月份灰霾天气最多为12 d,出现在2005年;最少为3 d,分别出现在2002和2003年.广州市空气质量逐年恶化的趋势不容乐观,珠江三角洲复合型新型空气污染日趋严重的态势非常严峻;且区域性特征明显,治理难度加大;广州周边的佛山、清远、东莞、江门的灰霾天气都比广州多,对广州治理灰霾天气形成了压力.因而2010年11月灰霾天气的明显减少,更说明区域联动、机动车单双号限行、重点工业污染源调控、严控垃圾秸秆焚烧等减排措施效果明显.

• Abstract：The characteristics of hazy weather during the Guangzhou 2010 Asian Games were analyzed using local meteorological data. Five hazy days were observed in November 2010, which frequency lower than the average level of recent years. An analysis of meteorological pollution conditions indicated that the dispersion conditions in 2010 were worse than those in 2008 and 2009. This implied that the emission reduction measures put in place prior to the Asian Games had been effective. As a comparison, since the early 1980s, visibility in Guangzhou has sharply degraded with increasing numbers of haze days. The hazy days mainly appeared in the dry season from October to April. Since the reform and opening-up of China, November had seen an increasing number of hazy days, with the highest reaching 17 days in 1994 and 1999. In the years after 2000, the number of haze days in November peaked at 12 days in 2005 and the lowest number was only 3 days observed in 2002 and 2003. The worsening trend of air quality in Guangzhou is of great concern and the air pollution complex is getting more serious in the Pearl River Delta. The prominent regional feature has increased management difficulties in air pollution control. Cities neighboring with Guangzhou, such as Foshan, Qingyuan, Dongguan, and Jiangmen, had more occurrences of hazy weather than Guangzhou, complicating pollution control in Guangzhou. In summary, the significant decrease in hazy days in November 2010 suggested the effectiveness of various control measures, such as region-wide emission control, odd-even car ban, managing major industrial pollution sources, and banning open burning of waste and crop residues.

• Key words：Guangzhou Asian Games  hazy weather  emission reduction measures  fine particle pollution  photo-chemical smog

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