• 关键词：三峡水库  消落区  土壤  磷形态

• 基金项目：国家重大水专项(No.2009ZX07104-003,2009ZX07104-005,2009ZX07104-001)

• 张彬
• 1. 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045;
  2. 西华大学能源与环境学院,成都 610039

• 方芳
• 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045

• 陈猷鹏
• 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045

• 李哲
• 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045

• 郭劲松
• 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045

• 黄轩民
• 重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆 400045

• 摘要：应用淡水沉积物中磷形态的标准测试程序(SMT)对三峡水库腹心地带(巫山-重庆主城区段)淹没消落区土壤磷的赋存形态进行了分级测定,并分析了各形态磷之间,以及各形态磷与样品理化特征(如全氮(TN)、有机质(SOM)、酸碱性(pH)、氧化还原电位(ORP))之间的相关性.结果表明,研究区域内,淹没消落区土壤全磷含量在0.28~1.32 g·kg^-1之间,平均值为0.63 g·kg^-1;无机磷和有机磷平均含量分别为0.46 g·kg^-1和0.13 g·kg^-1,占全磷百分比分别为72.3%和21.7%,淹没消落区土壤中的磷以无机磷为主,有机磷为辅,从各形态磷含量及相对含量的变化范围来看,表现为钙结合态磷>有机磷>铁铝结合态磷,土壤全磷含量增加主要来自钙结合态磷部分,其次是有机磷.淹没消落区土壤活性磷组分(铁铝结合态磷和有机磷之和)含量分布范围在0.04~0.39 g·kg^-1之间,平均值为0.20 g·kg^-1,占全磷比例达到33.0%,消落区土壤活性磷组分在适宜的环境条件下会成为水体的二次污染源,淹没消落区土壤磷对水体富营养化的潜在影响不容忽视;淹没消落区土壤全磷与无机磷和钙结合态磷,有机磷与铁铝结合态磷、全氮及有机质有显著相关性,表明钙结合态磷为无机磷和全磷的主要赋存形态,有机磷、铁铝结合态磷、全氮和有机质同源;有机磷同土壤酸碱性呈显著正相关,同氧化还原电位呈显著负相关,表明土壤酸碱性和氧化还原电位的变化可影响有机磷的含量与分布.

• Abstract：The contents of different phosphorus forms in the soils of water-level-fluctuating zone (WLFZ) from the Three Gorges Reservior were measured by using the standard measurement and test (SMT) procedure of phosphorus forms in freshwater sediments. Correlation coefficients were analyzed between phosphorus forms and sample physical-chemical characteristics, including total nitrogen (TN), soluble organic matter (SOM), pH, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The results indicated that the total phosphorus (TP) content in soil varied from 0.28 g·kg^-1 to 1.32 g·kg^-1, and the average content was 0.63 g·kg^-1. The average inorganic P (IP) and organic P (OP) in soil were 0.46 g·kg^-1 and 0.13 g·kg^-1, accounting for 72.3% and 21.7% of TP, respectively. The dominated phosphorus forms in the soil was IP. In terms of the range of different phosphorus forms content and relative content, the formation of phosphorus in the soil was in the descending order of Ca-P>OP>Fe/Al-P. The increase in surface soil TP content was mainly due to Ca-P and OP. The content of active phosphorus (Fe/Al-P+OP) in soils of WLFZ ranged from 0.04 g·kg^-1 to 0.39 g·kg^-1, with the average of 0.20 g·kg^-1 accounting for 33.0% of active phosphorus in TP. The active phosphorus in soils of WLFZ would become potential pollution sources of water under favorable environmental conditions. Therefore, the potential impact of phosphorus on water eutrophication in soils of WLFZ could not be neglected. Positive correlation exists among the contents of TP, IP and Ca-P, between OP and Fe/Al-P, TN and SOM, and between Fe/Al-P and TN. All these results indicated that OP, Fe/Al-P, TN and SOM came from the same source, and Ca-P was the main existing form of IP and TP. On the other hand, OP was also significantly and positively correlated to pH, while negatively correlated to ORP, suggesting that the content and distribution of OP were affected by pH and ORP.

• Key words：Three Gorges Reservior  water-level-fluctuating zone  soil  phosphorus forms

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