• 关键词：湿地植物  氮  磷  净化

• 基金项目：大学生创新性实验计划项目(No.101062656)

• 彭婉婷
• 四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130

• 邹琳
• 四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130

• 段维波
• 四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130

• 李银霞
• 四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130

• 潘远智
• 四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130

• 曾德刚
• 四川省凉山农业学校,西昌 615022

• 摘要：通过室内静水实验,研究了再力花(Thalia dealbata)、鸢尾(Iris tectorum)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、茭白(Zizania aquatica)、睡莲(Nymphaea tetragona Georgi)、大聚藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)、马蹄莲(Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng)7种不同生态型的湿地植物进行镶嵌组合后各组合对水体中氮、磷的去除效果.结果表明,不同生态型的湿地植物组合对污水中氮和磷的去除效果较好,8种组合中对总氮和氨氮去除效果最好的组合为睡莲+再力花(S+Z)和睡莲+马蹄莲+茭白+菖蒲(S+M+J+C),最大去除率分别为92.29%和95.50%.对总磷的去除效果最好的组合为睡莲+再力花+鸢尾(S+Z+Y),较无植物对照组的最大净化率提高了43.73%.不同水生植物组合后对氮、磷的净化效果差异较小,8种湿地植物组合对总氮、氨氮和磷的去除率范围分别为83.19%~92.29%、86.50%~95.50%和85.67%~99.87%.运用隶属函数进行综合评价,筛选出对污水中氮和磷净化能力较强的组合为:睡莲+再力花(S+Z)、睡莲+马蹄莲+茭白+菖蒲(S+M+J+C)、睡莲+再力花+鸢尾(S+Z+Y)及睡莲+再力花+茭白+菖蒲(S+Z+J+C).

• Abstract：The effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal from sewage by 8 different ecotype combinations of wetland plants, such as emerged plant Thalia dealbata, Iris tectorum, Acorus calamus, Zizania aquatica, floating plant Nymphaea tetragona Georgi, submerged plant Myriophyllum aquaticum and Hygrophytes Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng, were studied under the indoor hydrostatic conditions. The results showed that different ecotypes of wetland plants could effectively remove N and P in sewage. Among the 8 combinations, the combination of Nymphaea tetragona Georgi with Thalia dealbata (S+Z) had the highest removal rate of total nitrogen (TN) (92.29%), while the other one Nymphaea tetragona Georgi, Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng, Acorus calamus with Iris tectorum (S+M+J+C) remove ammonia nitrogen up to 95.50%.The combination Nymphaea tetragona Georgi,Thalia dealbata with Iris tectorum (S+Z+Y) had the best removal efficiency of Total Phosphorus (TP), increasing 43.73% compared with the control group without plants. There were little differences among different combinations for removal efficiency of N and P. The ranges of removal rate of TN, Ammonium nitrogen (NH⁺₄-N) and TP of 8 combinations were 83.19%~92.29%, 86.50%~95.50% and 85.67%~99.87% respectively.Using comprehensive evaluation of the membership function, the following combinations with better water purification capacity were selected: Nymphaea tetragona Georgi with Thalia dealbata (S+Z), Nymphaea tetragona Georgi, Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng, Iris tectorum with Acorus calamus (S+M+J+C), Nymphaea tetragona Georgi, Thalia dealbata with Iris tectorum (S+Z+Y), and Nymphaea tetragona Georgi, Thalia dealbata, Acorus calamus with Zizania aquatic (S+Z+J+C).

• Key words：wetland plants  nitrogen  phosphorus  purification

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