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研究报告

廖芬,吴永贵,周露,黄波平,王良韬,陈程,申万暾.黔西南高砷煤矿区钙镁离子对砷酸根联合生物毒性效应的影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(6):1304-1310

Effects of Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺ on the toxicity of arsenate in a high arsenic coal mine area in southwest Guizhou

基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.20977020);贵州省社会发展攻关项目(黔科合SY字[2008]3034);贵州大学"211"重点学科建设项目(贵大211[2009]012);贵州大学研究生创新基金(No.2010054)

摘要：以隆线溞为受试生物,研究了黔西南高砷煤矿区水环境中广泛共存的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺对砷酸根(AsO^3-₄)的生物毒性效应的影响.结果表明,砷酸根单独存在条件下,对隆线溞24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度(LC₅₀)分别为5.9817、5.1800、4.1884、3.2015mg·L^-1. Ca²⁺ (20、60、100 mg·L^-1)与砷酸根联合存在条件下,24h的LC₅₀值分别为25.8449、33.4735、24.7439 mg·L^-1;96 h的LC₅₀值分别为4.9502、5.7321、4.5072 mg·L^-1. Mg²⁺(5、10、15 mg·L^-1)与砷酸根联合存在条件下,24 h的 LC₅₀值分别为33.8412、29.7261、25.4113 mg·L^-1;96 h的LC₅₀值分别为6.8802、4.9167、3.0276 mg·L^-1.在24、48、72 h时,砷酸根与Ca²⁺或Mg²⁺共存时的毒性较砷酸根单一存在时降低;而在96 h时,低浓度(0~2.07mg·L^-1)砷酸根与Ca²⁺或Mg²⁺共存时的生物毒性较砷酸根单一存在时增强,而高浓度(3.70~20.72 mg·L^-1)条件下的生物毒性则与低浓度相反.

Abstract：We studied the protective effects of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ against the toxicity of arsenate, which is widely present in water near the high arsenic coal mines in southwest Guizhou using Daphnia carinata as the test organism. The results showed that with arsenate single exposure, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of arsenate to Daphnia carinata were 5.9817 mg·L^-1, 5.1800 mg·L^-1, 4.1884 mg·L^-1 and 3.2015 mg·L^-1, respectively. With Ca²⁺ (20 mg·L^-1, 60 mg·L^-1 and 100 mg·L^-1) and arsenate co-exposure, the LC₅₀ after 24 h were respectively 25.8449 mg·L^-1, 33.4735 mg·L^-1 and 24.7439 mg·L^-1 and the LC₅₀ at 96 h were 4.9502 mg·L^-1, 5.7231 mg·L^-1 and 4.5072 mg·L^-1, respectively. With Mg²⁺ (5 mg·L^-1, 10 mg·L^-1 and 15 mg·L^-1) and arsenate co-exposure, the LC₅₀ of 24 h were 33.8412 mg·L^-1, 29.7261 mg·L^-1 and 25.4113 mg·L^-1, respectively and the LC₅₀ of 96 h were respectively 6.8802 mg·L^-1, 4.9167 mg·L^-1 and 3.0276 mg·L^-1. Comparing to arsenate single exposure, the toxicity was lower at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h when Daphnia carinata was exposed to a solution of arsenate and Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺. After 96 h, the toxicity was relatively higher at low concentrations of arsenate (0~2.07 mg·L^-1), but lower for high-concentrations of arsenate (3.70~20.72 mg·L^-1).