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研究报告

秦延文,张雷,郑丙辉,曹伟,刘宪斌,贾静.渤海湾岸线变化(2003—2011年)对近岸海域水质的影响[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(9):2149-2159

Impact of shoreline changes on the costal water quality of Bohai Bay (2003—2011)

基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No. 2009ZX07528-002); 国家科技支撑项目(No.2010BAC69B02);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(No.2007CB407306)

摘要：为研究渤海湾岸线对近岸海域水质的影响,本研究首先阐述了2003、2010和2011年的渤海湾海岸线变迁情况,采用数值模拟的方法研究了由岸线变迁引起的渤海湾水动力条件的变化情况,之后应用综合污染指数法筛选出渤海湾近岸海域的2003、2010、2011年的主要污染指标,并探讨了因岸线变化引起的渤海湾近岸海域主要污染指标污染范围的变化情况.结果表明,与2003年相比,2010年渤海湾的各个港口都有了很大程度的扩张,部分滩涂地区变成陆地;渤海湾余流场的主要变化是天津港北部存在的逆时针余流消失,天津港南部至黄骅港北部间的逆时针沿岸余流有所减小;渤海湾2003、2010和2011的水质的主要污染指标为营养盐类、重金属类的Zn和Pb;渤海湾近岸海域主要污染指标的污染范围有所扩大,污染物高值区有向渤海湾东北海域扩展的趋势.

Abstract：In order to assess the impact of shoreline changes on the water quality of the coastal Bohai Bay, the evolution of shoreline in 2003, 2010 and 2011 and the variation of hydrodynamic condition induced by the shoreline change was investigated using numerical simulation method. The main integrated contaminative indices in the coastal Bohai Bay during the same period were identified based on the calculation of the comprehensive pollution index. Furthermore, the spatial variability of those indices caused by the shoreline change in the Bohai Bay was also discovered in this work. The results showed that the area of these ports along the coastal Bohai Bay increased significantly, where some tidal flats had changed into land. The counter-clockwise residual current in the north of Tianjin Port disappeared, and the current in between the south of Tianjin Port and the north of Huanghua Port weakened to some extent. The main pollutants in the water column in the coastal Bohai Bay in 2003, 2010 and 2011 were nutrients and heavy metals (e.g. Zn and Pb). The spatial contaminated area has increased, showing a northward increasing trend in the coastal Bohai Bay.