• 关键词：污水处理  低温  活性污泥  氨氧化  序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No. 51178136)

• 李建政
• 1. 哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨 150090;
  2. 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨 150090

• 刘淑丽
• 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨 150090

• 赫俊国
• 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨 150090

• 金羽
• 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨 150090

• 摘要：以强化低温污水生物处理系统的氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)氧化功能为目标,采用序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR),通过逐步提高进水NH₄⁺-N浓度的方式,在(15±1) ℃的条件下对城镇污水处理厂的好氧活性污泥进行了驯化培育,并就其对生活污水和高氨氮废水的NH₄⁺-N去除潜力进行了测试.结果表明,在(15±1) ℃下,好氧活性污泥经适当驯化可获得良好的氨氧化能力.在初始NH₄⁺-N浓度为46 mg·L^-1左右时,其NH₄⁺-N去除速率和亚硝态氮(NO₂^--N)生成速率分别可达54.26 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (以MLSS计,下同)和29.07 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (以MLSS计,下同)左右.对NH₄⁺-N浓度为47.19 mg·L^-1左右的城镇污水,其NH₄⁺-N去除率可高达85%以上.初始NH₄⁺-N浓度分别为91.01 mg·L^-1和163.37 mg·L^-1左右时,其最高NH₄⁺-N去除速率分别可达52.54 g·kg^-1·d^-1和111.97 g·kg^-1·d^-1,具有处理高氨氮废水的潜力.

• Abstract：In order to enhance the ammonia oxidation activity in low temperature wastewater treatment system, aerobic activated sludge collected from a local urban sewage treatment plant was acclimatized in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) at temperature (15±1)℃ by increasing the influent ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentration stage by stage. And then, the ammonia oxidation activity of the acclimatized activated sludge was evaluated by treating domestic sewage and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The results indicated that the inoculated activated sludge could obtain a better ammonia oxidation activity after acclimatized, with a specific NH₄⁺-N removal rate of 54.26 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (as MLSS) and specific nitrite nitrogen (NO₂^--N) producing rate of 29.07 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (as MLSS) at an initial NH₄⁺-N of 46 mg·L^-1. The NH₄⁺-N removal was achieved more than 85% in the SBR when treating urban sewage with the initial NH₄⁺-N of 47.19 mg·L^-1. The acclimatized activated sludge also illustrated a better potential in treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The specific NH₄⁺-N removal rate could reach at 52.54 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (as MLSS) and 111.97 g·kg^-1·d^-1 (as MLSS) in the SBR when the initial NH₄⁺-N concentration were 91.01 mg·L^-1 and 163.37 mg·L^-1, respectively.

• Key words：sewage treatment  low temperature  aerobic activated sludge  ammonia oxidation  sequencing batch reactor(SBR)

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