研究报告
秦宁,何伟,王雁,何玘霜,孔祥臻,欧阳慧灵,徐福留.巢湖水体和水产品中多环芳烃的含量与健康风险[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(1):230-239
巢湖水体和水产品中多环芳烃的含量与健康风险
- Residues and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the water and aquatic products from Lake Chaohu
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.41030529);国家杰出青年基金项目(No.40725004);国家水专项(No.2008ZX07103-005-01);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(No.20100932);国家教育部博士点专项基金项目(No.20100001110035)
- 作者
- 单位
- 秦宁
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 何伟
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 王雁
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 何玘霜
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 孔祥臻
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 欧阳慧灵
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 徐福留
- 北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871
- 摘要：利用GC-MS测定了巢湖水体15个样品及9种主要水产品中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并用美国环保局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型估算了巢湖地区居民由于饮水、洗澡及食用水产品造成的PAHs暴露量.在此基础上,利用概率风险评价和蒙特卡罗模拟方法分析了巢湖水体与水产品中PAHs的健康风险及其不确定性.研究结果表明,巢湖水体中16种优控PAHs总含量(PAH16)范围为95.63～370.13 ng·L-1,平均为(170.72±70.79) ng·L-1,BaP当量浓度(Bapeq)为(1.43±0.79) ng·L-1;水产品中PAH16的干重含量范围为129.33～575.31 ng·g-1,均值为(320.93±147.50) ng·g-1,BaP当量浓度为(4.67±6.68) ng·g-1.巢湖地区居民由于饮水和洗浴造成的PAH16暴露量分别为(5.76±2.39)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1和(25.08±10.40)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1,城镇与农村居民食用水产品造成的PAH16暴露量分别为(190.86±84.17) ng·kg-1·d-1和(75.88±33.47) ng·kg-1·d-1;水产品食用是巢湖地区居民PAHs暴露的主要途径.洗浴和饮水造成的PAH16暴露风险分别为(6.33±4.70)×10-9 a-1和(4.32±2.47)×10-7 a-1,城镇与农村居民食用水产品造成的PAH16暴露风险分别为(3.17±3.79)×10-5 a-1和(1.25±1.50)×10-5 a-1;居民食用水产的PAH16暴露风险高于USEPA建议的可接受风险(1.0×10-6 a-1),存在一定的致癌风险.水产品食用风险的不确定度较高,Bap当量浓度是影响风险评估不确定性的主要因素.
- Abstract：The residual levels of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 15 water samples and 9 kinds of aquatic products from Lake Chaohu were measured by GC-MS. PAHs exposure doses through the ingestion from drinking water, the dermal contact with shower water and the aquatic products consumption were estimated by the health risk model recommended by USEPA. The carcinogenic risks of PAHs in the water and aquatic products were analyzed by probabilistic risk assessment method while their uncertainties estimated by Monte Carlo simulation. The following results were obtained: 1) The residual levels of total 16 priority PAHs (PAH16) in the water ranged from 95.63～370.13 ng·L-1 with the average of (170.72±70.79) ng·L-1; and the Bap equivalent (Bapeq) concentration was (1.43±0.79) ng·L-1. The contents of PAH16 in the aquatic products ranged from 129.33～575.31 ng·g-1·dw with the average of (320.93±147.50) ng·g-1; and the Bapeq content was (4.67±6.68) ng·g-1. 2) The average exposure doses of PAH16 caused by drinking and bathing water were (5.76±2.39)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1 and (25.08±10.40)×10-3 ng·kg-1·d-1; however the exposure doses through aquatic products consumption were (190.86±84.17) ng·kg-1·d-1 and (75.88±33.47) ng·kg-1·d-1 for the town and country residents, respectively. Therefore, aquatic products consumption was the primary pathway of PAHs exposure in the Lake Chaohu region. 3) The carcinogenic risks through the dermal contact and drinking ingestion were (6.33±4.70)×10-9 a-1 and (4.32±2.47)×10-7 a-1, respectively, while the carcinogenic risks through aquatic products ingestion for the town and country residents were (3.17±3.79)×10-5 a-1 and (1.25±1.50)×10-5 a-1, respectively. There was some carcinogenic risk through aquatic products ingestion for the town residents, as indicated by the carcinogenic risks exceeding the acceptable risk suggested by USEPA (1.0×10-6 a-1). 4) The carcinogenic risk through the dermal contact had the highest uncertainty; and the Bapeq concentration was the factor most sensitive to the accuracy of health risk assessment.
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