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研究报告

基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项(No.2009ZX07317-006);国家自然科学基金(No.40971259,40903049);科技部项目(No.2010BAK69B15);上海市科委项目(No.10JC1404300,10DZ1200602,11230705800)

摘要：2011年4月至2012年2月,以2个月为周期,在上海市不同地点浦东(PD)、金山(JS)、嘉定(JD)、青浦(QP)、崇明(CM)、闵行(MH)采集不同类型城市河岸带土壤,采用乙炔抑制法测定土壤反硝化速率.结果表明,上海河岸带土壤反硝化速率介于1.00～82.92 μmol·m^-2·h^-1之间,时空差异明显.不同区域,农田背景下的河岸带土壤反硝化速率(浦东:29.51 μmol·m^-2·h^-1,嘉定:36.99 μmol·m^-2·h^-1)要高于以草地(青浦:4.95 μmol·m^-2·h^-1,闵行:7.84 μmol·m^-2·h^-1)、矮灌丛(金山:27.83 μmol·m^-2·h^-1,崇明:23.26 μmol·m^-2·h^-1)背景为主的河岸带土壤;垂直变化上,2～5 cm深度处的河岸带土壤反硝化速率最大,随深度增加反硝化速率呈逐步降低趋势;季节变化上,河岸带土壤反硝化速率呈现夏秋高冬春低的特点,夏季是反硝化作用最为强烈的季节.温度、pH值、土壤有机碳(Soil Organic Carbon,SOC)、土壤总氮(Soil Total Nitrogen,STN)等是影响反硝化速率的重要因子,其中,反硝化速率与温度、SOC、STN含量呈正相关关系,与pH值呈负相关关系.

Abstract：From April 2011 to February 2012, soil samples were bi-monthly collected from 6 different type riparian zone locations in Shanghai city, Pudong (PD), Jinshan (JS), Jiading (JD), Qingpu (QP), Chongming (CM), and Minhang (MH). The denitrification rate in soil was measured by the acetylene inhibition method. The results show that the denitrification rate in riparian soil varies from 1.00 μmol·m^-2·h^-1 to 82.92 μmol·m^-2·h^-1 with a significant spatiotemporal deviation. Denitrification rates in riparian soil near the farmland (PD and JD) are higher than those in grassland (QP and MH) and the bushland (JS and CM). Denitrification rate decreases from the soil surface to the deeper layer and is higher in the top 2～5 cm. There is distinctive seasonal variation of soil denitrification rate with higher in summer and autumn and lower in spring and winter. Denitrification rate is the highest in summer. Temperature, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil total nitrogen (STN) content are the important factors influencing soil denitrification rate, with the denitrification rate positively correlated with temperature, STN and SOC and negatively with pH.