研究报告
胡伟,胡敏,唐倩,郭松,闫才青.珠江三角洲地区亚运期间颗粒物污染特征[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(7):1815-1823
珠江三角洲地区亚运期间颗粒物污染特征
- Characterization of particulate pollution during Asian Games in Pearl River Delta (PRD) region
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21025728,20977001,21190052);环保公益性行业科研专项重大项目(No.201009002)
- 作者
- 单位
- 胡伟
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 胡敏
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 唐倩
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 郭松
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 闫才青
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 摘要：为研究2010年广州亚运会期间珠江三角洲地区颗粒物污染特征, 2010年11月11日—30日分别在广州市区城市点及下风向鹤山区域点采集24 h颗粒物样品,对其主要化学组分(有机碳OC、元素碳EC和水溶性离子)进行测量.结果显示,观测期间广州和鹤山PM2.5平均质量浓度分别为(73.3±16.5) μg·m-3和(98.2±20.8) μg·m-3.鹤山PM10平均浓度高达131.6 μg·m-3,且PM2.5占PM10的74%,表明区域PM2.5污染凸显.广州和鹤山PM2.5中二次无机离子(SNA)分别占39%和42%,有机物(OM)分别占31%和26%, EC分别占5%和6%.根据EC示踪法粗略估算,广州和鹤山PM2.5中一次有机碳POC分别占15%和13%,二次有机碳SOC分别占4%和3%.总体上,广州和鹤山PM2.5中二次生成(SNA+SOA)均约占50%,表明珠江三角洲地区PM2.5区域性二次污染的特征.广州市区PM2.5及SNA、Cl-和EC明显低于区域点鹤山浓度水平;与2004年同期研究(PRIDE-PRD2004)结果相比,气象条件相似,而广州市区PM2.5及EC浓度分别显著降低达29.6 μg·m-3 (29%)和3.5 μg·m-3 (49%),反映出亚运期间一次排放得到有效控制.
- Abstract：The characteristics of particulate pollution in Pearl River Delta (PRD) region was investigated during the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou. Twenty-four-hour particle samples were collected simultaneously in urban site, Guangzhou, and its downwind rural site, Heshan during November 11 to 30, 2010. The major chemical components in PM2.5 including organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) and inorganic water-soluble ions were measured. The average PM2.5 mass concentrations in Guangzhou and Heshan were (73.3±16.5) μg·m-3 and (98.2±20.8) μg·m-3, respectively. PM10 was also measured in Heshan with average concentration as 131.6 μg·m-3 and the ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 was 74%, indicating that PM2.5 pollution was a serious regional issue. As the major chemical components of PM2.5, secondary inorganic ions (SNA), organic matter (OM) and EC accounted for 39%, 31% and 5% in Guangzhou, and 42%, 26% and 6% in Heshan, respectively. Based on EC tracer method the levels of POC and SOC were estimated as 15% and 4% in Guangzhou, and 13% and 3% in Heshan. In general, secondary aerosol (SNA+SOA) contributed around 50% in PM2.5 both in Guangzhou and Heshan, suggesting that the PM2.5 in PRD region was dominated by secondary formation. Compared to Heshan and results from previous study of PRIDE-PRD2004 campaign under similar meteorology conditions, the lower concentrations of PM2.5, SNA, Cl- and EC in Guangzhou suggested that the primary emissions control was effective. PM2.5 and EC concentrations decreased significantly by 29.6 μg·m-3 (29%) and 3.5 μg·m-3 (49%), respectively.
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