• 关键词：PAHs  煤矸石  土壤  降尘  污染效应

• 基金项目：平顶山煤业集团科研基金

• 王新伟
• 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 油气污染防治北京市重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京), 北京 102249

• 钟宁宁
• 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 油气污染防治北京市重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京), 北京 102249

• 韩习运
• 河南省平顶山煤业(集团)有限责任公司勘探工程处, 平顶山 467000

• 摘要：为探讨煤矸石堆放对土壤环境的有机污染效应,以典型煤矸石区——平煤十二矿为例,利用GC-MS技术对煤矸石、表层土壤及降尘样品中多环芳烃(PAHs)含量及化学组成特征进行了检测,将PAHs空间分布、环数分布、优势组成与分子标志物参数相结合,定性剖析了煤矸石堆放对表层土壤PAHs污染的贡献.煤矸石、降尘和土壤表层中PAHs综合分析表明,煤矸石堆积区表层土壤US EPA 16种优控PAHs(PHA₁₆)总量为0.94~5.66 μg·g^-1,属严重污染;表层土壤PAH₁₆总量与煤矸石山距离呈负相关关系;煤矸石、降尘及表层土壤中PAHs均为富3环特征,以菲、苯并荧蒽、、荧蒽及芘为优势组成;煤矸石扬尘直降、煤矸石燃烧、原煤煤尘降落和燃烧对土壤环境PAHs均有输入,但近源区煤矸石扬尘直降贡献明显,煤矸石扬尘使煤矿区土壤环境中PAHs污染具有面源贡献的特点,应引起重视.

• Abstract：In order to study the organic pollution impacts of coal gangue stockpiling on soil environment, the 12^th mine of Pingdingshan coal mine was taken as the case study area. GC-MS was used to detect the concentration and chemical characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coal gangue, topsoil and dustfall samples. Spatial distribution, benzene ring numbers and compositions of PAHs were analyzed, and molecular marker parameter was used for source identification. The results show that the concentrations of the 16 priority control PAHs (USEPA) in the topsoil are 0.94~5.66 μg·g^-1, which are negatively correlated with the distances to the coal gangue stockpiling;PAHs compositions in coal gangue, topsoil and dustfall are dominated by three-ring structures, which are phenanthrene, benzofluoanthene, chrysene, fluoanthene and pyrene;both the dustfall and combustion of coal gangue and raw coal are sources of PAHs in the soil environment of coal mine, whereas the dustfall of coal gangue close to the stockpile has the more significant contribution. Apart from the point source pollution of coal gangue, the non-point source pollution of PAHs from dustfall of coal gangue stockpiling in soil environment of coal mine should also be taken seriously.

• Key words：polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)  coal gangue  topsoil  dustfall  environmental effect

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