研究论文
胡子梅,王军,陶征楷,陈振楼.上海市PM2.5重金属污染水平与健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(12):3399-3406
上海市PM2.5重金属污染水平与健康风险评价
- Pollution level and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM2.5, Shanghai
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.41271472）；上海市教育委员会科研创新项目（No.1322035）；上海市自然科学基金项目（No.12ZR1409000）；上海市科委社会发展重点项目（No.12231201900）
- 作者
- 单位
- 胡子梅
- 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241
- 王军
- 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241
- 陶征楷
- 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241
- 陈振楼
- 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241
- 摘要：为了解上海市大气环境中PM2.5及其重金属的污染特征和健康风险，于2012年5~10月对上海市普陀区（PT）、闵行区（MH）和崇明岛（CM）大气颗粒物PM2.5及其重金属（Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn）含量进行了监测.结果显示，PM2.5质量浓度介于13.66~143.52 μg·m-3之间，其中，普陀和闵行大气中PM2.5的含量高于崇明岛，且于5月、9月和10月超出国家空气质量二级标准（24 h均值75 μg·m-3）.3个监测点PM2.5中重金属含量的时间分布规律与PM2.5一致；崇明岛PM2.5中Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn的含量整体上低于普陀和闵行，而Cr的含量则较高.5种重金属元素对成年男性的健康风险最大，其次是成年女性，对儿童青少年的健康风险则最小；其中，Cd和Cr的风险指数要高于Cu、Pb、Zn的风险指数.
- Abstract：PM2.5 and its heavy metal concentrations from May to October, 2012 in Putuo District, Minghang District and Chongming Island, Shanghai, were investigated to identify the pollution characteristics and health risks. The PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 13.66 μg·m-3 to 143.52 μg·m-3, and its concentrations in Putuo and Minhang were higher than those in Chongming Island. Additionally, the PM2.5 concentrations exceeded the national standard Ⅱ (24 h average concentration, 75 μg·m-3) in May, September and October, 2012. The results also showed that the temporal variation of heavy metal concentrations was consistent with that of PM2.5. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in Chongming were lower than those in Putuo and Minhang, while the Cr concentrations were higher in Chongming. These 5 kinds of heavy metal had the greatest risk for the health of adult male, followed by adult female, the health risk was minimal for children and adolescent. Among them, the risk indexes of Cd and Cr were higher than those of Cu, Pb and Zn.
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