研究论文
王建龙,叶龙飞,杨春平,何仕均,肖峰,张幼学,俞江.电子加速器辐射处理含氰废水的中试研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(1):60-66
电子加速器辐射处理含氰废水的中试研究
- A pilot study of cyanide-containing wastewater treatment using electron accelerator
- 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划项目（No. 2009AA063905）
- 作者
- 单位
- 王建龙
- 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室, 北京 100084
- 叶龙飞
- 1. 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室, 北京 100084;2. 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 杨春平
- 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 何仕均
- 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室, 北京 100084
- 肖峰
- 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司, 苏州 215214
- 张幼学
- 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司, 苏州 215214
- 俞江
- 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司, 苏州 215214
- 摘要：以江苏省某碳纤维生产企业排放的含氰工业废水为研究对象，采用自屏蔽Dynamitron电子加速器（能量0.5~1.0 MeV，束流10~15 mA）开展了处理量为30 m3·d-1的中试实验.通过正交实验设计，研究了不同因素对氰化物降解的影响，优化了操作条件.研究结果表明，加速器辐照能够有效去除废水中的氰化物，当CN-浓度为21.08~117.49 mg·L-1，辐照剂量为1.5 kGy时，CN-的去除率为33.88%~59.25%.臭氧的存在可以显著提高氰化物的去除效率，辐照过程中加入2 mg·L-1的臭氧，在相同辐照剂量下，CN-的去除率可提高到48.19%~82.62%，氰化物的辐射降解可以用准一级反应动力学模型描述.氰化物辐射降解的主要产物为氨氮和氰酸盐.本实验研究是我国第一例运用电子加速器连续辐照处理实际工业废水的中试规模实验，为电离辐射技术在我国废水处理领域中的应用起到了良好的工程示范作用.
- Abstract：The pilot experiments of real cyanide-containing wastewater treatment (30 m3·d-1) were carried out with a self-sheltered Dynamitron electron accelerator (energy 0.5~1.0 MeV, beam current 10~15 mA) in a carbon fiber enterprise in Jiangsu Province. The influence of various factors was discussed and the operational conditions were optimized by the orthogonal experiment. The results showed that radiation technology was effective in removing cyanide from wastewater. When CN-concentration was 21.08~117.49 mg·L-1 and absorbed dose was 1.5 kGy, the CN- removal efficiency was 33.88%~59.25%. The combination of radiation and O3 remarkably increased the degradation efficiency of cyanide. In the presence of 2 mg·L-1 O3, the CN- removal efficiency increased to 48.19%~82.62% at the same absorbed dose. The decomposition rate of cyanide could be described by pseudo first-order kinetics model. Ammonia and cyanate were identified as the main intermediate nitrogen-containing products. To our knowledge, this pilot study is the first example for real industrial wastewater treatment using continuous irradiation by electron accelerator, which provided a good demonstration for applying ionizing radiation technology for wastewater treatment in China.
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