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特别选题:纪念环境保护部华南环境科学研究所建所40周年

郑晶,陈可慧,陈社军,彭晓武,任明忠,罗孝俊,于云江,麦碧娴,杨中艺.电子废物拆解地区人群头发中持久性卤代有机污染物(PHCs)的污染特征[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(11):2928-2934

Persistent halogenated compounds (PHCs) in human hair in an e-waste recycling area：Levels and composition profiles

基金项目：广东省自然科学基金自由申请项目(No.S2011010006081);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.PMZX021201211118)

摘要：本研究以头发作为指示人群持久性卤代有机污染物(PHCs)暴露的生物材料,分析了电子废物拆解工人、电子废物拆解区普通居民、农村对照区居民和城市对照区居民头发中的PHCs浓度水平及组成特征.结果发现:电子废物拆解工人和拆解区普通居民头发中的PHCs含量显著高于两组对照地区人群(p< 0.05),表明电子废物拆解活动造成了当地人群对PHCs较高的暴露剂量.在电子废物拆解区的普通居民中,人群头发中的PHCs含量具有随年龄的增加而上升的趋势,老年人组(> 60岁)头发中的PHCs含量最高.在电子废物污染地区和农村对照区人群中,PCBs是最主要的PHCs污染物(39%~52%),表明这两个地区的人群均受到电子废物拆解活动的影响;城市人群头发中则以PBDEs和DBDPE为主(共占69%),反映了珠三角地区人群主要受工业或生活活动PHCs排放的影响.同时,主成分分析显示,不同人群头发中PHCs的组成模式也与污染物在环境中的迁移有关.

Abstract：This study investigated the concentrations and composition profiles of PHCs in human hair of e-waste recycling workers and residents from an e-waste area and compared with those from the rural and urban areas in southern China. The PHCs levels in the e-waste recycling workers and residents from the e-waste area were significantly higher than those from the two reference areas (p<0.05). Furthermore, legacy PCBs dominated the PHCs in both the e-waste and rural areas. The findings indicated a substantial influence of e-waste recycling activities on the PHCs exposure of people in these areas. The highest PHCs levels were generally detected in the older group (> 60 years), suggesting a higher health risk for older people in the e-waste area. However, PBDEs and DBDPE were predominant pollutants in hair from the urban area, reflecting an influence of industrial or domestic sources. The PHCs composition profiles in the human hair, as suggested by the principal component analysis, were also attributed to the atmospheric transport of PHCs.

Key words：e-waste recycling activities human hair persistent halogenated compounds