研究论文
李曼,王庆庆,王丽红,叶亚新,周青.双酚A对大豆、玉米和水稻叶绿素荧光反应的影响[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(4):1068-1073
双酚A对大豆、玉米和水稻叶绿素荧光反应的影响
- Effects of BPA on the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction in soybean, maize and rice
- 基金项目：江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新基金（No.CXLX13_749）；科技部“十二五”水体污染与治理科技重大专项（No.2012ZX7101-013）
- 作者
- 单位
- 李曼
- 江南大学环境与土木工程学院, 无锡 214122
- 王庆庆
- 江南大学环境与土木工程学院, 无锡 214122
- 王丽红
- 江南大学环境与土木工程学院, 无锡 214122
- 叶亚新
- 苏州科技学院生化与材料工程学院, 苏州 215009
- 周青
- 江南大学环境与土木工程学院, 无锡 214122
- 摘要：双酚A （BPA）普遍应用在工业制成品中，因需求量递增而产生的环境安全问题引发各方关注.与BPA对植物生长影响的研究工作相比，BPA影响植物生长的机理的研究甚少.光合作用是植物生产的重要生理过程，可通过叶绿素荧光测定技术探测和分析.基于此，本文利用叶绿素荧光测定技术，研究了BPA对大豆、玉米和水稻幼苗叶绿素荧光反应的影响.结果表明，3.0 mg·L-1 BPA可降低大豆和玉米初始荧光F0，增加原初光能转化效率Fv/Fm、实际光能转化效率ΦPSⅡ、电子传递速率ETR、光化学猝灭系数qP和非光化学猝灭系数qN，对水稻各荧光参数无影响，即3.0 mg·L-1 BPA可改善大豆和玉米光合PSⅡ系统，增强光能吸收，提高光合电子传递和光能转化效率；6.0 mg·L-1 BPA可增加大豆和水稻的ΦPSⅡ、ETR和qP，降低F0，除增加qN外不影响玉米的其它荧光参数，表明6.0 mg·L-1 BPA能改善大豆和水稻光合PSⅡ系统，提高光能转化和电子传递效率；除10 mg·L-1 BPA对水稻各荧光参数无显著影响及17.2 mg·L-1 BPA增加玉米和水稻的qN外，10 mg·L-1和17.2 mg·L-1 BPA可增加3种作物F0，抑制其它各荧光参数，即高剂量BPA引起作物光抑制，PSⅡ中心受损，光能转化和电子传递效率降低.此外，对比3种作物荧光参数变幅可知，BPA对大豆各荧光参数的影响>玉米>水稻.总之，BPA对3种作物叶绿素荧光反应的影响在方式和效果上存在差异.
- Abstract：Bisphenol A (BPA; 2,2-(4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl)propane) is widely used in manufactured industrial products, and the environmental safety problems have attracted more and more attention due to the increasing demand for BPA. In contrast with the studies about the effects of BPA on the growth of plants, little is known about its action mechanisms. Photosynthesis is an important physiological process of biological production in plants, and it can be detected and analyzed by the determination technique of chlorophyll fluorescence. In this paper, the effects of BPA on the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction in the seedlings of soybean (Glycine Max), maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa) were investigated by the determination technique of chlorophyll fluorescence. The results indicated that 3.0 mg·L-1 BPA decreased the F0, and increased the Fv/Fm, ΦPSⅡ, ETR, qP and qN in soybean and maize; however, it did not change the fluorescence parameters in rice. This illustrated that 3.0 mg·L-1 BPA could improve the photosynthetic PSⅡ system in soybean and maize, increase the absorption of light energy, and enhance the efficiencies of photosynthetic electron transfer and light energy conversion. In addition, 6.0 mg·L-1 BPA increased the ΦPSⅡ, ETR and qP while decreased the F0 in soybean and rice; it did not affect the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in maize except the increase in the qN, indicating that 6.0 mg·L-1 BPA could improve the photosynthetic PSⅡ system, increase the efficiencies of photosynthetic electron transfer and light energy conversion in soybean and rice. Furthermore, 10 and 17.2 mg·L-1 BPA increased the F0 and decreased the other five fluorescence parameters in soybean, maize and rice except that 10 mg·L-1 BPA did not obviously change all fluorescence parameters in rice and 17.2 mg·L-1 BPA increased the qN in maize and rice. These results indicated that BPA at the high concentration could cause photoinhibition, damage of PSⅡ centre, decrease in the efficiencies of photosynthetic electron transfer and light energy conversion in these crops. Finally, from the change extents in fluorescence parameters of these three crops, it was found that the effects of BPA on the fluorescence parameters in these three crops followed this order: soybean > maize > rice. In conclusion, the effects of BPA on the fluorescence parameters in these three crops were different in the means and efficiency.
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