研究论文
刘芮伶,李礼,余家燕,黄伟,许丽萍,刘敏,唐晓.重庆市城区大气气溶胶光学厚度的在线测量及特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(4):819-825
重庆市城区大气气溶胶光学厚度的在线测量及特征研究
- On-line measurements and characteristic analysis of aerosol optical depth in the atmosphere of Urban Chongqing
- 基金项目：环保公益性行业科研专项（No.201009001）
- 作者
- 单位
- 刘芮伶
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 李礼
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 余家燕
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 黄伟
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 许丽萍
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 刘敏
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 唐晓
- 城市大气环境综合观测与污染防控重庆市重点实验室, 重庆市环境监测中心, 重庆 401147
- 摘要：利用CE-318型太阳光度计（CE-318）测定了重庆市城区2010年3月至2011年2月期间的太阳直接辐射量，反演了该地区大气气溶胶光学厚度（Aerosol optical depth，AOD），并对结果进行了分析.结果表明：重庆市城区上空大气AOD随波长增加而减小，Angstrom波长指数α=1.13±0.08，大气混浊指数β=0.57±0.14.受人为源排放的影响，空气较为混浊，且上空主要分布着城市-工业型气溶胶.AOD日变幅随波长增加而减小，且AOD在短波段变化比长波段变化更为明显.重庆市城区上空AOD（λ=500 nm）日变化大致分为5种类型：平缓型、上升型、下降型、凸型和凹型，其中，平缓型出现频率最低，凸型和上升型是主要变化类型.四季中AOD日变化特征在夏秋季较一致，冬春季较一致.AOD（λ=500 nm）全年主要呈现“V”字形特征，年均值为1.25±0.29，最低值出现在夏季，最高值出现在冬季；α全年变化范围在0.90~1.23，同AOD整体上呈负相关趋势，最低值出现在春季，最高值出现在夏季，且四季α值较大，表征气溶胶主控模态为细粒子，受人为源的排放影响较大.
- Abstract：A sun photometer CE-318 was applied to observe the direct solar radiation over urban area of Chongqing from March 2010 to February 2011. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) was retrieved and analyzed. It was found that the AOD decreased with increasing wavelength; Angstrom wavelength exponent α was 1.13±0.08 and Angstrom turbidity coefficient β was 0.57±0.14. The air of Chongqing was turbid due to the significant presence of city-industrial type aerosols mainly from anthropogenic sources. Daily variations of AOD declined with increasing wavelength, and AOD changed more evidently in the short wavelength band compared to long wavelength band. The diurnal profiles of AOD (λ=500 nm) could be divided into five types, namely flat type, ascending type, descending type, convex type and concave type. Ascending type and convex type occurred the most frequently while flat type the least. The diurnal profiles of AOD exhibited similar variation trend in summer and autumn, and in winter and spring. The annual variation of AOD (λ=500 nm) appeared a "V" shape with an average value of 1.25±0.29 and the minimum and peak values in summer and winter, respectively. The Angstrom wavelength exponent α ranged from 0.90 to 1.23, which showed a negative correlation with AOD. The lowest and peak values of α turned up in spring and summer, respectively. The relatively high value of α in different seasons suggested that fine particle was dominant and aerosol pollution was primarily derived from anthropogenic sources.
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