研究报告
廖碧婷,吴兑,常越,林奕峰,王四化,李菲.广州地区SO42-、NO3-、NH4+与相关气体污染特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(6):1551-1559
广州地区SO42-、NO3-、NH4+与相关气体污染特征研究
- Characteristics of particulate SO42-, NO3-, NH4+ and related gaseous pollutants in Guangzhou
- 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（No.2011CB403403）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.U0733004）
- 作者
- 单位
- 廖碧婷
- 广州萝岗区气象局, 广州 510530;中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广州 510080
- 吴兑
- 暨南大学大气环境安全与污染控制研究所, 广州 510632;中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广州 510080
- 常越
- 广州萝岗区气象局, 广州 510530
- 林奕峰
- 广州萝岗区气象局, 广州 510530
- 王四化
- 广州萝岗区气象局, 广州 510530
- 李菲
- 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广州 510080
- 摘要：本文获得了2009年12月1日至2011年12月31日广州二次无机离子（SO42-、NO3-、NH4+）及相关反应性气体（NOx/SO2/HNO2/HNO3等）的小时浓度数据，并分析了其污染特征.研究结果表明：PM2.5的浓度季节变化特征为冬>秋>春>夏，SO42-的浓度季节变化特征为秋>冬>春>夏，NH4+的为冬>秋>春>夏，NO3-则为冬>春>秋>夏，SO42-、NO3-和NH4+之和占PM2.5的比重大小为秋>夏>春>冬；硫氧化率（SOR）均大于0.1，秋冬季节的值高于春夏季节，与SO42-的浓度变化趋势一致；氮氧化率（NOR）日变化呈单峰形式，最大值出现在06时，最小值出现在14时，春冬季节的值高于夏秋季节，与NO3-的浓度变化趋势一致；广州地区NH3/NH4+除10-12月外，其月均值均大于1；在典型过程中，SO42-、NO3-、NH4+、SOR、NOR和NH3/NH4+与能见度的变化都存在较好的对应关系，说明广州地区低能见度与二次离子（SO42-、NO3-、NH4+）的生成有关.
- Abstract：In this study, hourly water-soluble inorganic ions and related gaseous pollutants were continuously measured from December 2009 to December 2011 in Guangzhou, and their pollution characteristics were characterized. Results showed that the seasonal variation of the mass concentrations of PM2.5, SO42-, NH4+ and NO3- was winter > autumn > spring > summer, autumn > winter > spring > summer, winter > autumn > spring > summer, and winter > spring > autumn > summer, respectively. The sum of SO42-, NH4+ and NO3- in PM2.5 was in the order of winter > spring > autumn > summer. The diurnal variation of sulfate oxygenation efficiency (SOR) was greater than 0.1, and the values of SOR in autumn and winter were higher than those in spring and summer, in accord with the variations of SO42- concentrations. Differently, the diurnal variation of nitrate oxygenation efficiency (NOR) showed a single peak at 6:00 LT and a trough at 14:00 LT. The values of NOR in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn, similar to the trend of the seasonal variation of NO3- concentrations. The monthly means of NH3/NH4+ in Guangzhou were larger than 1 except from October to December. During haze days, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, SOR, NOR and NH3/NH4+ were well correlated with visibility, implying the strong association between low visibility events in Guangzhou and formation of the secondary inorganic ions.
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