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研究报告

Biosorption of Cu²⁺ by Auricularia auricula spent substrate and its mechanism

摘要：针对现代工业废水中铜离子的污染及黑木耳产业链中菌糠废弃物资源化等问题，以黑木耳菌糠为吸附剂去除废水中的Cu²⁺.通过单因素试验确定响应面的高水平条件，并用响应面方法对其优化，确定最佳吸附条件；采用SEM-EDX、FTIR和XRD等手段对吸附前后的菌糠进行表征，初步探索了菌糠吸附的机理.结果显示：最佳单因素条件为菌糠投加量30.0 g·L^-1、pH 7.0、Cu²⁺初始浓度75 mg·L^-1、吸附时间120 min、温度25℃、转速150 r·min^-1，吸附率为77.96%.响应面分析显示投加量、吸附时间和pH为显著因素.优化后投加量为31.6 g·L^-1，吸附时间134 min，pH 7.0，吸附率可达80.51%，吸附符合Langmuir等温方程.菌糠表面疏松多孔，极易通过物理吸附方式吸附Cu²⁺，菌糠表面的氨基、羟基、酮基和羧基可以有效配位络合Cu²⁺.研究结果表明，黑木耳菌糠作为一种高效廉价环保的吸附剂，可用于Cu²⁺废水的处理.

Abstract：In order to remove the copper ion pollution in industrial wastewater and reclaim the substrate wastes in edible fungus production, spent substrate of Auricularia auricula was used as a kind of absorbent. The adsorption conditions were determined and optimized using single factor experiment and response surface methodology (RSM).SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD were applied to characterize the surface of absorbents before and after Cu²⁺ absorption. The maximum absorption rate of 77.96% were found at 25℃, pH of 7.0, absorbent dosage of 30 g·L^-1, initial Cu²⁺ concentration of 75 mg·L^-1, contact time of 120 min, and rotational speed of 150 r·min^-1. The key parameters determined by RSM were absorbent dosage, time and pH value. The adsorption rate reached 80.51% at the optimized conditions at pH of 7.0, absorbent dosage of 31.6 g·L^-1 and adsorption time of 134 min. The adsorption performance was well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model. Physical adsorption occurred readily on the loose and porous surface of substrate, active groups such as amino, hydroxyl, ketone and carboxyl group participated absorption by complexation with Cu²⁺. It is revealed that the spent substrate of Auricularia auricular is an effective, low-cost and environment friendly absorbent for the treatment of Cu² contaminated water.

Key words：biosorption Auricularia auricular spent substrate Cu²⁺ response surface methodology adsorption mechanism