• 关键词：厌氧氨氧化  硝化菌  反硝化菌  厌氧甲烷氧化菌  协同竞争关系

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.21177005）；污泥内碳源/厌氧氨氧化强化生物脱氮工艺的开发及优化（No.QAK201203）

• 贾方旭
• 北京工业大学 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100124

• 彭永臻
• 北京工业大学 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100124

• 杨庆
• 北京工业大学 北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100124

• 摘要：随着污水脱氮行业的蓬勃发展，各种新工艺、新理论层出不穷.厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）工艺以其独特的优点脱颖而出，成为最具应用前景的新工艺.厌氧氨氧化菌作为该过程的执行者目前已发现5属17种，本文主要对5属17种的厌氧氨氧化菌进行总结，并对厌氧氨氧化菌种内关系中的群体感应系统进行详细介绍，此外还介绍了厌氧氨氧化菌与硝化菌、反硝化菌以及厌氧甲烷氧化菌之间的协同与竞争关系.最后给出常见竞争因素对厌氧氨氧化种群结构的影响，通过控制竞争因素来实现对厌氧氨氧化种群结构的调节.本文将厌氧氨氧化菌微生物生态学与厌氧氨氧化污水处理工艺相结合，为厌氧氨氧化工艺在污水生物处理中的应用提供理论依据.

• Abstract：With the development of the wastewater nitrogen removal, new techniques and theories emerge continuously. With its unique advantages, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process becomes the most promising technology. As the performer of anammox process, the known anammox bacteria are classified into five genera and seventeen species. They were summarized and the quorum sensing system in intraspecific relationship of anammox bacteria was introduced. Moreover, the competitive and synergistic relationship between anammox bacteria and other bacteria, including nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and anaerobic methane oxidizing bacteria, was also introduced. Finally, the effect of common competitive factors on the structure of anammox bacteria population was summarized in order to adjust the population structure of anammox bacteria by controlling these factors. In this study, the microbial ecology of anammox bacteria and wastewater treatment process were coupled. Consequently, a theoretical basis for the application of anammox process in biological wastewater treatment was provided.

• Key words：anammox  nitrifying bacteria  denitrifying bacteria  anaerobic methane oxidizing bacteria  the competition and synergism relationship

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