• 关键词：含磷物质  重金属  水稻  稳定化

• 基金项目：环保公益性行业科研专项（No.201009047）；中国水利水电科学研究院开放研究基金项目（No.IWHRKF201017）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.41201530）；长沙市科技计划项目（No.K1109004-21）；湖南省重点学科建设项目

• 雷鸣
• 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004

• 曾敏
• 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004

• 胡立琼
• 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004

• 廖柏寒
• 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004

• 周航
• 湖南农业大学生物科学与技术学院, 长沙 410128

• 钟倩云
• 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004

• 摘要：通过水稻盆栽试验研究磷酸氢二钠（DSP）和羟基磷灰石（HAP）对污染土壤中重金属（Pb、Cd、Zn）向水稻迁移的影响.结果表明，① DSP和HAP都显著提高了土壤pH值和有效磷含量（p<0.05），降低了土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn交换态含量，且HAP降低重金属交换态的效果较DSP好.水稻地上部分重金属含量与土壤中重金属交换态含量呈明显正相关关系，说明DSP和HAP通过降低土壤中重金属交换态含量从而达到减少重金属向水稻中迁移的目的.② DSP和HAP明显降低了水稻各器官Pb、Cd的含量，同时使水稻根、壳、糙米中Zn含量降低，但增加了茎叶中Zn的含量.与对照相比，DSP和HAP分别使糙米中Pb、Cd、Zn最大降低了48.72%、22.22%、25.35%和62.82%、66.67%、39.88%，但是糙米中Pb、Cd含量仍未达到食品卫生标准限值（GB2762-2012）.③ DSP和HAP处理都使水稻根干重逐渐减少，使茎叶、壳、糙米干重先增加后降低，在0.12 g·kg^-1时使水稻糙米产量最大.综上，DSP和HAP都能有效控制土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn向水稻中迁移，且HAP效果比DSP好，但磷添加量不宜过高.

• Abstract：A pot experiment planting rice was conducted to study the effects of disodium hydrogen phosphate (DSP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) on migration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn) in contaminated soil-rice system. The results showed that: ① DSP and HAP significantly increased soil pH and soil available phosphorus (p<0.05), and decreased contents of exchangeable Pb, Cd, and Zn. HAP showed a higher ability to reduce soil exchangeable Pb, Cd, Zn than DSP. There was an obvious positive correlation between contents of exchangeable heavy metals in soil and contents of heavy metals in the aboveground part of rice plant, indicating that DSP and HAP reduced efficiently migration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn) from soil to rice plant due to reduced contents of soil exchangeable heavy metals. ② DSP and HAP decreased significantly contents of Pb and Cd in all rice tissues, including roots, stems, husks, and brown rices, reduced Zn contents only in rice roots, shells and brown rices, but increased Zn in stems. Compared with the control, DSP and HAP resulted in the maximum decrease of 48.72%, 22.22%, 25.35% and 62.82%, 66.67%, 39.88%, respectively, in Pb, Cd and Zn contents in brown rices; however, contents of Pb and Cd in brown rices were still higher than the limits of Food Hygiene Standards (GB2762-2012). ③ Dry weight of rice roots decreased gradually due to DSP and HAP, but dry weights of stems, husks and rice browns increased first and then decreased. The maximum biomass of rice browns was found at 0.12 g·kg^-1 addition of DSP or HAP. In summary, DSP and HAP could effectively control soil Pb, Cd, Zn migration to rice plants. The effects of HAP was better than those of DSP, but dosage of phosphorus addition should keep in a low level.

• Key words：phosphorus-containing substances  heavy metals  rice  stabilization

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