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基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07313001);新世纪优秀人才计划项目(No.NCET-12-1043);陕西省创新团队项目(No.IRT 2013KCT-13)

摘要：建立了一套长1200 m的城市污水模拟管段,研究了城市污水管网中微生物菌群的沿程演替规律,分析了管网生物膜的pH、DO、厚度、结构及菌群构造的变化情况.结果表明,城市污水管网生物膜pH变化不大,DO由0.35 mg·L^-1减小为0.26 mg·L^-1,生物膜厚度沿程开始呈增长趋势,平均厚度由300 μm增加至800 m处的平均最大厚度560 μm,此后呈现降低趋势,这主要与水力冲刷及易吸收营养物质的减少有关,因水力冲刷作用,管网生物膜的初始结构表面平整,随管网长度增加,生物膜呈现疏松构造,从而增大了生物膜比表面积,有利于其生长发育.同样作用下,管网生物膜中的菌群数量也呈现逐渐减少的趋势,生物菌群也发生了较大的变化,其中,200 m处有球菌属、链球菌属、杆菌属、链杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属等菌群,依次400 m、600 m处有肠球菌、脱硫弧菌属、硫单胞菌属,1000 m以后以甲烷球菌、反硝化杆菌、脱氮硫杆菌等厌氧菌为主,沿程菌群种数减少后形成了稳定的菌群结构存在.

Abstract：A 1200 m-long municipal sewer network was built and the pH, DO, thickness, structure and microbial population variation of the biofilm were investigated along the network. The results showed that the biofilm pH varied little, while DO decreased from 0.35 mg·L^-1 to 0.26 mg·L^-1. The average biofilm thickness increased from 300 μm to maximum 560 μm at 800 m and then decreased gradually due to the hydrological flush and the decrease of the substrate. The surface of biofilm was smooth initially and then became rough along the network, which was beneficial to the growth of microorganism because of the specific surface area increase. At the same time, the microbial population tended to decrease and change along the pipeline as well. At 200 m, the main populations were Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Brevibacillus, Streptobacillus, Bacillus, etc., while were Enterococcus, Desulfovibrio and Thiomonas at 400 m and 600 m and Methanococcus, Denitrifiers and Thiobacillus denitrificans over 1000 m. In sum, along the pipeline, the microbial population decreased but was more stable.