• 关键词：多溴联苯醚  青藏高原地区  饮用水  表土  青稞  污染源

• 基金项目：环保公益性行业科研专项(No.201309047, 201309030);国家自然科学基金(No.41001316, 41371467, 40901148);中央高校基本科研业务费(No.WB1214059)

• 王俊霞
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 刘莉莉
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 郭杰
• 上海交通大学, 上海 200240

• 周啸宇
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 邓晶晶
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 刘洋成
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 傅晓旭
• 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237

• 张卫
• 1. 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237;2. 上海市功能性材料化学重点实验, 华东理工大学, 上海 200237

• 林匡飞
• 1. 华东理工大学, 国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室, 上海 200237;2. 上海市功能性材料化学重点实验, 华东理工大学, 上海 200237

• 摘要：利用气质联用仪(GC-NCI-MS)对中国川藏地区饮用水、表土和青稞样品中PBDEs(包括十溴联苯醚在内)和TBBPA的含量进行了检测,分析了PBDE同系物的分布模式,比较研究了不同区域的溴系阻燃剂(BFRs)的污染水平、可能来源和环境影响因素.结果显示,西藏地区饮用水中均未检出PBDEs和TBBPA.表土样品中∑₁₃PBDEs的含量范围为0.87~10.56 ng·kg^-1(以干重计),PBDE主要同系物为BDE-15、209、47和99(所有样品中100%检出),分别占∑₁₃PBDE含量的39.0%、16.5%、10.5%和10.5%.另外,研究发现,土壤中∑₁₃PBDEs与TBBPA的含量显著相关,暗示了它们相似的空间分布,且PBDEs和TBBPA均与TOC值显著相关,PBDEs和TBBPA与海拔高度呈显著线性关系.这表明川藏地区土壤中PBDEs和TBBPA的污染为同一来源,且其含量不仅受TOC值和海拔高度的影响,也可能受与PBDE和TBBPA有关的大气传输、稀释或吸附、沉降多种因素影响.在偏远地区的农作物青稞中检测到了PBDEs和TBBPA,可能是通过大气沉降到农作物表面,被生物富集和吸收.青稞为该地区居民主食的原料,尽管PBDEs和TBBPA的含量非常低,但可能对当地居民健康产生影响.

• Abstract：PBDEs (including BDE-209) and TBBPA in drinking water, surface soil and crop samples collected from Sichuan-Tibet region were measured by GC-NCI-MS to investigate their levels, distribution, and possible sources in this region. The results showed that the levels of ∑₁₃PBDEs in surface soil samples ranged from 0.87 to 10.56 ng·kg^-1 (dry weight). The rates of contributions of major PBDE congeners BDE-15, 209, 47 and 99 were 39%, 16.5%, 10.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The significant positive relationship between concentrations of total PBDEs and TBBPA and their similar altitudinal patterns reflected that they might be from the same pollution source. Additionally, the concentrations of PBDEs and TBBPA showed significant correlations with TOC value and the altitude. This indicated that concentrations of PBDEs and TBBPA in the surface soils were affected not only by TOC contents and the altitude but also by other factors, including atmospheric transmission, dilution/adsorption, and precipitation mechanisms associated with PBDEs and TBBPA. PBDEs and TBBPA were detected in the hulless barley in the remote areas. These pollutants were likely to be deposited by the atmospheric absorption onto the surface of crops, then absorbed and bioaccumulated in crops. As the hullness barley is the main raw materials of food in this region, PBDEs and TBBPA may have an impact on the health of local residents although the concentrations are very low.

• Key words：PBDEs  Sichuan-Tibet region  drinking water  surface soil  hulless barley  pollution source

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