• 关键词：活性炭  吸附  动力学  染料废水  等温线

• 基金项目：林业公益性行业科研专项项目（No.201304611）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

• 刘斌
• 1. 南京林业大学化学工程学院, 南京 210037

• 顾洁
• 2. 南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院, 南京 210037

• 邱盼
• 1. 南京林业大学化学工程学院, 南京 210037

• 陆裕聪
• 1. 南京林业大学化学工程学院, 南京 210037

• 周建斌
• 2. 南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院, 南京 210037

• 摘要：以稻壳为原料，采用复合活化剂制备稻壳活性炭.通过氮气吸附等温线，傅里叶红外光谱，X射线光电子能谱仪，零电荷点等手段，分析了所制备的稻壳活性炭的孔结构和表面性质.研究了稻壳活性炭对甲基橙的吸附特性，同时对吸附饱和的稻壳活性炭进行热再生以及由高温灼烧法制备二氧化硅进行了初步探索.结果表明：稻壳活性炭对甲基橙的去除率随着吸附剂用量增加而提高；随着pH值的升高去除率下降；吸附剂可以应用于高盐度条件下的吸附；随着溶液初始溶液增加去除率下降；符合Langmuir吸附等温式，吸附过程主要由化学吸附控制；吸附饱和的稻壳活性炭经过一次再生可以得到性能较好的活性炭；对吸附饱和的稻壳活性炭，在800 ℃条件下可以制得纳米级且具有一定晶型的二氧化硅.

• Abstract：The activated carbon was prepared from rice husks by composite activator. The pore structure and surface chemistry of activated carbon were characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms, pore size distribution, FTIR, XPS, and point zero charge. In this study, the adsorption properties, isotherms and kinetics of methyl orange on activated carbon were studied. Thermal regeneration and preparation of silica from the spent activated carbon were also studied. The results indicated that with increasing adsorbent dosageanddecreasing pH value, theremoval efficiency of rice husk-based activated carbon increased; the activated carbon was effectiveunder high salt concentration and the removal efficiency decreased with increasing initial concentration. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit well with the adsorption process of rice husk-based activated carbon, and the adsorption process was controlled by chemisorption. After once thermal regeneration, the dye-exhausted carbon was obtained adsorption ability and under the temperature of 800 ℃, nano-silica with crystalline phases can be prepared from the adsorption saturated activated carbon.

• Key words：activated carbon  adsorpiton  kinetics  dyewastewater  isotherm

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