特别选题:江湖关系变化及其对鄱阳湖水环境影响研究
刘凯,倪兆奎,王圣瑞,倪才英.鄱阳湖沉积物有机磷累积特征及其与流域发展间的响应关系[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(5):1292-1301
鄱阳湖沉积物有机磷累积特征及其与流域发展间的响应关系
- Accumulation characteristics of organic phosphorus in sediments of Poyang Lake and its relationship with watershed development
- 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(No.2012CB417004);国家自然科学基金(No.41173118,41061037);鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室(江西师范大学)主任开放基金资助项目(No.ZK2013007)
- 作者
- 单位
- 刘凯
- 1. 江西师范大学地理与环境学院, 鄱阳湖流域与湿地教育部重点实验室, 南昌 330022;2. 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;3. 中国环境科学研究院 湖泊生态创新基地, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制实验室, 北京 100012
- 倪兆奎
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 中国环境科学研究院 湖泊生态创新基地, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制实验室, 北京 100012
- 王圣瑞
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 中国环境科学研究院 湖泊生态创新基地, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制实验室, 北京 100012
- 倪才英
- 江西师范大学地理与环境学院, 鄱阳湖流域与湿地教育部重点实验室, 南昌 330022
- 摘要：选取了鄱阳湖4个柱状沉积物,应用改进的Hedley 磷形态连续提取法和有机磷(OP)酶水解技术,研究了其OP累积特征、生物有效性变化及其与流域发展间的响应关系.结果表明:1自1972年以来,鄱阳湖沉积物OP含量呈持续增长趋势,其中南部湖区和"五河"尾闾区较北部和中部湖区增长趋势明显;不同阶段沉积物OP中H2O-Po和HCl-Po含量呈先下降,而近十年又有所增加趋势;NaOH-EDTA-Po含量则呈持续增长趋势,即鄱阳湖沉积物OP增加主要是由于NaOH-EDTA-Po的增加所致.2鄱阳湖沉积物各形态OP组成各异,其中H2O-Po含量较低,以类植酸磷为主,生物有效性较低;NaOH-EDTA-Po含量较高,以活性单酯磷为主,生物有效性较高.鄱阳湖沉积物OP增加主要来源于活性单酯磷,其生物有效性也呈增长趋势,二酯磷和类植酸磷则在1972—2002年间为下降趋势,2002年以来有所增加.3鄱阳湖沉积物OP,特别是NaOH-EDTA-Po的累积主要受流域农业面源污染影响,其中沉积物OP和NaOH-EDTA-Po含量与流域单位面积磷肥施用量显著正相关,表明流域农业面源污染是导致鄱阳湖沉积物OP含量增加的重要原因之一.
- Abstract：To study the relationship among the organic phosphorus (OP) accumulation, bioavailability of OP and watershed development, four representative columnar sediment in Poyang Lake were investigated with the modified Hedley sequential extraction methods and enzymatic hydrolysis technique. Results show that: 1 in the sediment of Poyang lake, the OP content has been increasing continuously since 1972, and increased faster in the south and estuary of 'five rivers' than in the north and central area; H2O-Po and HCl-Po content decreased first, but then increased in the last decade; the NaOH-EDTA-Po content kept increasing with time, indicating that NaOH-EDTA-Po was the main source of the OP. 2 The contents of different from of OP varied greatly, among which H2O-Po mainly consisted of phytate-like P, and its concentration and bioavailability were both in low level; the concentration and bioavailability of NaOH-EDTA-Po, mainly consists of labile monoester P, are higher than H2O-Po . The increase of OP, together with its bioavailability in Poyang Lake sediment mainly caused by labile monoester P. the diester P and phytate-like P decreased from 1972 to 2002, but they have been increasing since 2002. 3 The accumulation of OP, especially NaOH-EDTA-Po was influenced by agricultural non-Point source pollution. OP and NaOH-EDTA-Po contents were positively correlated with phosphate fertilizer consumption per hectare in watershed of Poyang Lake, indicating that agricultural non-Point source pollution was an important cause for the increase of OP content in Poyang Lake sediment.
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