• 关键词：膜曝气生物膜反应器(MABR)  高氨氮废水  中试  部分亚硝化  生物膜厚度

• 基金项目：国家科技支撑计划课题(No.2012BAJ21B01)

• 王荣昌
• 1. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 长江水环境教育部重点实验室, 上海 200092;2. 同济大学生物膜技术研究所, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 王亚楠
• 1. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 长江水环境教育部重点实验室, 上海 200092;2. 同济大学生物膜技术研究所, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 赵建夫
• 1. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 长江水环境教育部重点实验室, 上海 200092;2. 同济大学生物膜技术研究所, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

• 摘要：对不同进水氨氮负荷下中试膜曝气生物膜反应器(MABR)部分亚硝化性能进行了考察,旨在确定在MABR中启动、优化和维持稳定亚硝化的控制策略.在进水氨氮表面负荷由(4.9±0.4) g · m^-2 · d^-1(以N计,下同)升至(9.1±0.5) g · m^-2 · d^-1的过程中,MABR氨氮去除负荷可以达到(5.7±0.5) g · m^-2 · d^-1.当进水氨氮负荷为7.4 g · m^-2 · d^-1时, 本试验MABR部分亚硝化效果最佳,亚硝化率可达96.3%.部分亚硝化的维持需要控制合适的生物膜厚度,当生物膜厚度在110~170 μm之间时,MABR亚硝化率在90%左右,能够有效实现对亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的抑制和亚硝酸盐的积累.利用微生物比氧利用率(SOUR_AOB)来反映生物膜中氨氧化菌(AOB)的活性,发现MABR生物膜的SOUR_AOB可达(133.9±31.1) mg · g^-1 · h^-1(以每gSS利用的O₂量(mg)计).实时定量PCR结果也表明AOB为MABR生物膜中的优势菌群,其微生物丰度比接种污泥高出3个数量级.通过调控进水氨氮负荷和生物膜厚度,维持AOB的种群优势和高活性并同时抑制NOB的活性,可以实现MABR的稳定部分亚硝化.

• Abstract：A pilot-scale membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) was operated via incrementally increasing influent NH₄⁺-N loading rates, from (4.9±0.4) g (N) · m^-2 · d^-1 (the same below) to (9.1±0.5) g · m^-2 · d^-1. The goal of the study was to develop an operational strategy for establishing, optimizing and maintaining a stable partial nitritation in the reactor. When the influent NH₄⁺-N surface loading rate was increased to (9.1±0.5) g · m^-2 · d^-1, NH₄⁺-N removal rate reached (5.7±0.5) g · m^-2 · d^-1. When the influent NH₄⁺-N loading rate was maintained at 7.4 g · m^-2 · d^-1, the nitritation efficiency in the MABR reached the maximum of 96.3%. Maintaining a stable partial nitritation required controlling biofilm thickness. When biofilm thickness was maintained between 110~170 μm, the nitritation rate was stable at about 90% and specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR_AOB), representing the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), reached maximum of (133.9±31.1) mg (O₂) · g (SS)^-1 · h^-1. The results of real time quantitative PCR showed that AOB dominated the microbial population in the biofilm, as expected, and their abundance was 3 orders of magnitude higher than that in the sludge used to inoculate the reactor. In conclusion, maintaining a stable partial nitritation requires controlling two factors: the influent NH₄⁺-N loading rate and the biofilm thickness. When these factors are properly controlled, AOB dominate the microbial population in the biofilm and the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) is inhibited, thus resulting in partial nitritation.

• Key words：membrane-aerated biofilm reactor(MABR)  ammonium-rich wastewater  pilot scale  partial nitritation  biofilm thickness

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