毕见霖,王立硕,王馨慧,唐文忠,单保庆,杨柳.非常规水源补给城市河流富营养化时空变化规律及风险研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(6):1703-1709
非常规水源补给城市河流富营养化时空变化规律及风险研究
- Temporal and spatial variations of eutrophication and its risks in the urban rivers with unconventional water sources
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07203-006);国家自然科学基金(No.21107126)
- 毕见霖
- 1. 中国矿业大学(北京), 北京 100083;2. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 王立硕
- 1. 中国矿业大学(北京), 北京 100083;2. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 王馨慧
- 1. 中国矿业大学(北京), 北京 100083;2. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 唐文忠
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 单保庆
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 摘要：选择典型非常规水源补给城市河流(凉水河)为研究对象,阐述了凉水河典型河段水体中营养元素(氮、磷)的时空分布特征,并评价其富营养化状态.为期1年的监测结果表明:研究河段水体中TN、TP平均质量浓度分别为25.70 mg · L-1和1.78 mg · L-1,分别为地表水Ⅴ类标准的12.9倍和8.9倍.在时间尺度上,凉水河研究河段水体中TN、NH4+-N质量浓度冬季较高,夏季反而较低;水体中TP和SRP质量浓度全年基本一致.在空间尺度上,水体中TN和NH4+-N质量浓度变化趋势随土地利用类型变化趋于一致,均在城镇区域沿河流方向逐渐上升,至农村区域平缓波动;水体中TP和SRP质量浓度均沿河流方向呈逐渐上升趋势.通过计算对数型幂函数普适指数,发现凉水河研究河段无论是在时间尺度还是空间尺度均处于"极富"营养状态(EI=93.49),富营养化现象已十分严峻.
- Abstract：Liangshui River, a typical urban river with unconventional water sources, was selected to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of eutrophication elements (nitrogen and phosphorus) and their risks. One-year monitoring results showed that the average concentrations of TN and TP were 25.70 mg · L-1 and 1.78 mg · L-1, respectively, which were 12.9 and 8.9 times, respectively, the worst standard values (Level V) of the environmental quality standards for Chinese surface water. Temporally, the average concentrations of TN and NH4+-N in the winter were higher than those in the summer, and the concentrations of TP and SRP were stable during the whole year. Spatially, the concentrations of TN and NH4+-N all varied with the land types, which showed a gradual increase in urban area and stability in rural area; and the concentrations of TP and SRP all showed an upward tendency along the river. The eutrophication degrees of the river all reached the extremely high level and presented serious risks.
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