• 关键词：细颗粒物(PM_2.5)  无机元素  富集因子  因子分析  上海

• 基金项目：上海市科委科研项目(No. 12dz1202700);上海市环保局科研项目(No. 2014-56)

• 胡鸣
• 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235

• 张懿华
• 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235

• 赵倩彪
• 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235

• 摘要：为了解高污染季节上海市细颗粒物PM_2.5及其无机元素的污染特征和来源,于2013年1月4日至2月1日在上海3个点位采集PM_2.5样品,并采用电感耦合等离子光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定样品中19种元素含量.结果表明,采样期间PM_2.5污染水平较高,均值达(90.5±41.2) μg·m^-3,且郊区明显高于市区和背景参照点.所测无机元素的空间分布规律与PM_2.5一致,但背景参照点元素Zn的浓度较高.采样期间Cd、As、Zn、Pb、S和Cu等人为污染元素的富集因子较高.因子分析结果表明冬季上海市PM_2.5具有多源性,主要来源于燃煤、自然尘、燃油以及机动车.

• Abstract：PM_2.5 samples were collected from January 4^th to February 1^st 2013 at three sites in Shanghai located at urban, suburb and background respectively. The concentrations of 19 inorganic elements in the samples were determined by ICP-OES to identify the main characteristics and sources, especially during polluted periods. The average concentration of PM_2.5 was (90.5±41.2) μg·m^-3, with significantly higher concentration in the suburb site. The spatial distribution of concentrations of inorganic elements showed the similar pattern as PM_2.5, while the Zn concentrations in the background site were relatively higher than those in the urban and suburban sites. Based on Enrichment factor (EF) analysis, the elements from anthropogenic origins (Cd, As, Zn, Pb, S and Cu) were highly enriched in PM_2.5. In addition, factor analysis revealed that PM_2.5 during wintertime in Shanghai was mainly originated from coal combustion, soil dust, oil combustion and motor vehicle.

• Key words：PM_2.5  inorganic elements  enrichment factor  factor analysis  Shanghai

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