岳晓英,李忠勤,樊晋,魏永山.天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川气溶胶可溶性离子观测与分析研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2723-2731
天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川气溶胶可溶性离子观测与分析研究
- Observation and analysis on soluble ions in aerosols on Glacier No.1 at the headwater of Urumqi River, Tianshan Mountains, China
- 基金项目：中科院重点部署项目(No. KJZD-EW-G03-01); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.41471058)
- 岳晓英
- 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070
- 李忠勤
- 1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070;2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川观测试验站, 兰州 730000
- 魏永山
- 兰州理工大学石油化工学院, 兰州 730050
- 摘要：基于2003年、2004年和2007年3年内共采集的155个气溶胶样品的分析测试,探讨了天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川区气溶胶中可溶性离子的组成及年际变化特征,并对其可能来源进行了分析.结果表明,气溶胶可溶性离子平均浓度为2.759 μg · m-3,化学组成以NO3-、SO42-、Ca2+和CO32-为主,冰川区大气环境呈碱性.可溶性离子总质量浓度年际变化特征为2007年 >2004年 >2003年,主要离子组成没有发生明显变化,但单一离子浓度变化不尽相同,其原因主要与沙尘活动的强弱有关.Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+、CO32-和Cl-主要可能来自陆源矿物,而NO3-和NH4+很大程度上以人为源为主;并且发现,SO42-和K+可能同时受陆地源与人类活动来源的影响.通过气团轨迹聚类分析得出,冰川区大气主要受来自西南方、西方及西北方3个方向气团的控制,这些气团均经过伊犁河谷或阿拉山口到达冰川区,其中,在距地面2000 m以下高度传输的气团会带来大量的沙尘物质,影响冰川区大气环境.
- Abstract：Major soluble ions were measured in 155 aerosol samples collected at Glacier No.1 at the headwater of Urumqi River in Tianshan Mountains in the year 2003, 2004 and 2007. Concentration, annual change and sources of aerosol were analyzed. The average concentration of water-soluble ions was 2.759 μg · m-3, and NO3-, SO42-, Ca2+ and CO32- were major compositions. Ambient air condition over the glacier area was characterized by alkaline. Inter annual variation of total water-soluble ions was the highest in 2007, followed by 2004 and 2003, with different trends for different ions. Concentrations of aerosol ions were mainly dependent on the strength of dust storm in Asia. For soluble inorganic ions, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, CO32- and Cl- were mostly from the land source, while NO3- and NH4+ were mainly from the anthropogenic source. SO42- and K+ were mainly originated from both crustal surface and anthropogenic sources. According to the air mass trajectory clustering analysis, Glacier No.1 was mainly influenced by airflows from three directions, southwest, west and northwest. At about 2000 m(AGL), large amount of dust were carried by these airflows and impacted the ambient environment of glacier area.
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