• 关键词：陇东黄土高原  石油污染土壤  金盏菊  联合修复  环境因子

• 基金项目：甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(No.1204FKCM173);甘肃省教育厅科技计划项目(No.2014B-091);甘肃省庆阳市科技支撑计划项目(No.GC2011-16);陇东学院青年科技创新项目(No.XYZK1204)

• 王金成
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 井明博
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 段春燕
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 张希彪
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 刘建新
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 肖朝霞
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 周天林
• 1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室, 庆阳 745000;2. 陇东学院 生命科学与技术学院, 庆阳 745000

• 摘要：为筛选适合陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤修复植物,选取当地"适生"植物金盏菊(Calendula officinalis)联合微生物菌剂开展了为期5个月的原位修复实验.采用常规方法和PCR-DGGE技术分析了修复过程中土壤理化性质、酶活性及土壤微生物群落遗传多样性等15项土壤环境因子的动态变化情况及其对金盏菊生态修复的响应.结果表明,随着原位修复的进行, ①土壤脲酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶及脱氢酶活性均不同程度呈增加的趋势(p <0.05).②土壤TPHs、pH、有机质、含盐率的变化情况不尽相同,但总体呈下降的趋势(p <0.05);土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量总体呈上升趋势(p <0.05).③土壤微生物群落遗传多样性结果显示,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数整体呈逐步增加的趋势.④PCA分析结果显示,土壤脲酶、脱氢酶及碱解氮等环境因子对金盏菊修复表现为促进作用,而有机质含量过高将不利于金盏菊的植物修复.金盏菊和微生物菌剂联合修复过程中,土壤多酚氧化酶、速效磷、脱氢酶及速效钾发挥主要作用,而土壤TPHs和含盐率过高则影响了联合修复效果.本研究旨在分析金盏菊用于陇东地区油污土壤的生态响应,结果有助于筛选出适合陇东黄土高原土壤类别-适生植物-土著降解菌群的组合,利用乡土物种的适生性降低修复成本,为陇东地区油污土壤生态修复提供新的技术方案和背景资料.

• Abstract：In order to select appropriate native plant species in eastern Gansu Province for combined remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil of loess plateau, the native plant Calendula officinalis had been selected to do the in situ remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil combined with the microbial agent for 5 months. The changes and the responses to the remediation in soil physical and chemical properties as well as enzyme activities were investigated using the conventional methods, and the functional diversity of microbial community was analyzed based on PCR-DGGE. We found that with progress of the remediation, soil urease, polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, catalase activities as well as soil electric conductivity, available N, available K and available P significantly increased (p <0.05), while soil TPHs content, pH, organic matter and salt rate significantly decreased (p <0.05). Microbial genetic diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and abundance index Patrick showed an increase trend during in-situ remediation. Principal component analysis indicated that the environmental factors including soil urease, dehydrogenase and available N played the promoting role, while soil organic matter might be harmful to the phytoremediation using the Calendula officinalis. For the combined-remediation using Calendula officinalis and microbial agent, soil polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, available N, and available K played the main promoting role, while soil TPHs might impact the remediation effect. All of the results mentioned above were conducive to selecting the best combination among local soil category-appropriate native plant species-local oil-degradating microflora, and offered new technical scheme and background information for the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil in eastern Gansu Province.

• Key words：Eastern Gansu Province of loess plateau  oil-contaminated soil  Calendula officinalis  combined-remediation  environmental factors

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